1	/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later */
2	/*
3	* layout.h - All NTFS associated on-disk structures. Part of the Linux-NTFS
4	* project.
5	*
6	* Copyright (c) 2001-2005 Anton Altaparmakov
7	* Copyright (c) 2002 Richard Russon
8	*/
9
10	#ifndef _LINUX_NTFS_LAYOUT_H
11	#define _LINUX_NTFS_LAYOUT_H
12
13	#include <linux/types.h>
14	#include <linux/bitops.h>
15	#include <linux/list.h>
16	#include <asm/byteorder.h>
17
18	#include "types.h"
19
20	/* The NTFS oem_id "NTFS " */
21	#define magicNTFS cpu_to_le64(0x202020205346544eULL)
22
23	/*
24	* Location of bootsector on partition:
25	* The standard NTFS_BOOT_SECTOR is on sector 0 of the partition.
26	* On NT4 and above there is one backup copy of the boot sector to
27	* be found on the last sector of the partition (not normally accessible
28	* from within Windows as the bootsector contained number of sectors
29	* value is one less than the actual value!).
30	* On versions of NT 3.51 and earlier, the backup copy was located at
31	* number of sectors/2 (integer divide), i.e. in the middle of the volume.
32	*/
33
34	/*
35	* BIOS parameter block (bpb) structure.
36	*/
37	typedef struct {
38	le16 bytes_per_sector; /* Size of a sector in bytes. */
39	u8 sectors_per_cluster; /* Size of a cluster in sectors. */
40	le16 reserved_sectors; /* zero */
41	u8 fats; /* zero */
42	le16 root_entries; /* zero */
43	le16 sectors; /* zero */
44	u8 media_type; /* 0xf8 = hard disk */
45	le16 sectors_per_fat; /* zero */
46	le16 sectors_per_track; /* irrelevant */
47	le16 heads; /* irrelevant */
48	le32 hidden_sectors; /* zero */
49	le32 large_sectors; /* zero */
50	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK;
51
52	/*
53	* NTFS boot sector structure.
54	*/
55	typedef struct {
56	u8 jump[3]; /* Irrelevant (jump to boot up code).*/
57	le64 oem_id; /* Magic "NTFS ". */
58	BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK bpb; /* See BIOS_PARAMETER_BLOCK. */
59	u8 unused[4]; /* zero, NTFS diskedit.exe states that
60	this is actually:
61	__u8 physical_drive; // 0x80
62	__u8 current_head; // zero
63	__u8 extended_boot_signature;
64	// 0x80
65	__u8 unused; // zero
66	*/
67	/*0x28*/sle64 number_of_sectors; /* Number of sectors in volume. Gives
68	maximum volume size of 2^63 sectors.
69	Assuming standard sector size of 512
70	bytes, the maximum byte size is
71	approx. 4.7x10^21 bytes. (-; */
72	sle64 mft_lcn; /* Cluster location of mft data. */
73	sle64 mftmirr_lcn; /* Cluster location of copy of mft. */
74	s8 clusters_per_mft_record; /* Mft record size in clusters. */
75	u8 reserved0[3]; /* zero */
76	s8 clusters_per_index_record; /* Index block size in clusters. */
77	u8 reserved1[3]; /* zero */
78	le64 volume_serial_number; /* Irrelevant (serial number). */
79	le32 checksum; /* Boot sector checksum. */
80	/*0x54*/u8 bootstrap[426]; /* Irrelevant (boot up code). */
81	le16 end_of_sector_marker; /* End of bootsector magic. Always is
82	0xaa55 in little endian. */
83	/* sizeof() = 512 (0x200) bytes */
84	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) NTFS_BOOT_SECTOR;
85
86	/*
87	* Magic identifiers present at the beginning of all ntfs record containing
88	* records (like mft records for example).
89	*/
90	enum {
91	/* Found in $MFT/$DATA. */
92	magic_FILE = cpu_to_le32(0x454c4946), /* Mft entry. */
93	magic_INDX = cpu_to_le32(0x58444e49), /* Index buffer. */
94	magic_HOLE = cpu_to_le32(0x454c4f48), /* ? (NTFS 3.0+?) */
95
96	/* Found in $LogFile/$DATA. */
97	magic_RSTR = cpu_to_le32(0x52545352), /* Restart page. */
98	magic_RCRD = cpu_to_le32(0x44524352), /* Log record page. */
99
100	/* Found in $LogFile/$DATA. (May be found in $MFT/$DATA, also?) */
101	magic_CHKD = cpu_to_le32(0x444b4843), /* Modified by chkdsk. */
102
103	/* Found in all ntfs record containing records. */
104	magic_BAAD = cpu_to_le32(0x44414142), /* Failed multi sector
105	transfer was detected. */
106	/*
107	* Found in $LogFile/$DATA when a page is full of 0xff bytes and is
108	* thus not initialized. Page must be initialized before using it.
109	*/
110	magic_empty = cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff) /* Record is empty. */
111	};
112
113	typedef le32 NTFS_RECORD_TYPE;
114
115	/*
116	* Generic magic comparison macros. Finally found a use for the ## preprocessor
117	* operator! (-8
118	*/
119
120	static inline bool __ntfs_is_magic(le32 x, NTFS_RECORD_TYPE r)
121	{
122	return (x == r);
123	}
124	#define ntfs_is_magic(x, m) __ntfs_is_magic(x, magic_##m)
125
126	static inline bool __ntfs_is_magicp(le32 *p, NTFS_RECORD_TYPE r)
127	{
128	return (*p == r);
129	}
130	#define ntfs_is_magicp(p, m) __ntfs_is_magicp(p, magic_##m)
131
132	/*
133	* Specialised magic comparison macros for the NTFS_RECORD_TYPEs defined above.
134	*/
135	#define ntfs_is_file_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, FILE) )
136	#define ntfs_is_file_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, FILE) )
137	#define ntfs_is_mft_record(x) ( ntfs_is_file_record (x) )
138	#define ntfs_is_mft_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_file_recordp(p) )
139	#define ntfs_is_indx_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, INDX) )
140	#define ntfs_is_indx_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, INDX) )
141	#define ntfs_is_hole_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, HOLE) )
142	#define ntfs_is_hole_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, HOLE) )
143
144	#define ntfs_is_rstr_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, RSTR) )
145	#define ntfs_is_rstr_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, RSTR) )
146	#define ntfs_is_rcrd_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, RCRD) )
147	#define ntfs_is_rcrd_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, RCRD) )
148
149	#define ntfs_is_chkd_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, CHKD) )
150	#define ntfs_is_chkd_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, CHKD) )
151
152	#define ntfs_is_baad_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, BAAD) )
153	#define ntfs_is_baad_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, BAAD) )
154
155	#define ntfs_is_empty_record(x) ( ntfs_is_magic (x, empty) )
156	#define ntfs_is_empty_recordp(p) ( ntfs_is_magicp(p, empty) )
157
158	/*
159	* The Update Sequence Array (usa) is an array of the le16 values which belong
160	* to the end of each sector protected by the update sequence record in which
161	* this array is contained. Note that the first entry is the Update Sequence
162	* Number (usn), a cyclic counter of how many times the protected record has
163	* been written to disk. The values 0 and -1 (ie. 0xffff) are not used. All
164	* last le16's of each sector have to be equal to the usn (during reading) or
165	* are set to it (during writing). If they are not, an incomplete multi sector
166	* transfer has occurred when the data was written.
167	* The maximum size for the update sequence array is fixed to:
168	* maximum size = usa_ofs + (usa_count * 2) = 510 bytes
169	* The 510 bytes comes from the fact that the last le16 in the array has to
170	* (obviously) finish before the last le16 of the first 512-byte sector.
171	* This formula can be used as a consistency check in that usa_ofs +
172	* (usa_count * 2) has to be less than or equal to 510.
173	*/
174	typedef struct {
175	NTFS_RECORD_TYPE magic; /* A four-byte magic identifying the record
176	type and/or status. */
177	le16 usa_ofs; /* Offset to the Update Sequence Array (usa)
178	from the start of the ntfs record. */
179	le16 usa_count; /* Number of le16 sized entries in the usa
180	including the Update Sequence Number (usn),
181	thus the number of fixups is the usa_count
182	minus 1. */
183	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) NTFS_RECORD;
184
185	/*
186	* System files mft record numbers. All these files are always marked as used
187	* in the bitmap attribute of the mft; presumably in order to avoid accidental
188	* allocation for random other mft records. Also, the sequence number for each
189	* of the system files is always equal to their mft record number and it is
190	* never modified.
191	*/
192	typedef enum {
193	FILE_MFT = 0, /* Master file table (mft). Data attribute
194	contains the entries and bitmap attribute
195	records which ones are in use (bit==1). */
196	FILE_MFTMirr = 1, /* Mft mirror: copy of first four mft records
197	in data attribute. If cluster size > 4kiB,
198	copy of first N mft records, with
199	N = cluster_size / mft_record_size. */
200	FILE_LogFile = 2, /* Journalling log in data attribute. */
201	FILE_Volume = 3, /* Volume name attribute and volume information
202	attribute (flags and ntfs version). Windows
203	refers to this file as volume DASD (Direct
204	Access Storage Device). */
205	FILE_AttrDef = 4, /* Array of attribute definitions in data
206	attribute. */
207	FILE_root = 5, /* Root directory. */
208	FILE_Bitmap = 6, /* Allocation bitmap of all clusters (lcns) in
209	data attribute. */
210	FILE_Boot = 7, /* Boot sector (always at cluster 0) in data
211	attribute. */
212	FILE_BadClus = 8, /* Contains all bad clusters in the non-resident
213	data attribute. */
214	FILE_Secure = 9, /* Shared security descriptors in data attribute
215	and two indexes into the descriptors.
216	Appeared in Windows 2000. Before that, this
217	file was named $Quota but was unused. */
218	FILE_UpCase = 10, /* Uppercase equivalents of all 65536 Unicode
219	characters in data attribute. */
220	FILE_Extend = 11, /* Directory containing other system files (eg.
221	$ObjId, $Quota, $Reparse and $UsnJrnl). This
222	is new to NTFS3.0. */
223	FILE_reserved12 = 12, /* Reserved for future use (records 12-15). */
224	FILE_reserved13 = 13,
225	FILE_reserved14 = 14,
226	FILE_reserved15 = 15,
227	FILE_first_user = 16, /* First user file, used as test limit for
228	whether to allow opening a file or not. */
229	} NTFS_SYSTEM_FILES;
230
231	/*
232	* These are the so far known MFT_RECORD_* flags (16-bit) which contain
233	* information about the mft record in which they are present.
234	*/
235	enum {
236	MFT_RECORD_IN_USE = cpu_to_le16(0x0001),
237	MFT_RECORD_IS_DIRECTORY = cpu_to_le16(0x0002),
238	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
239
240	typedef le16 MFT_RECORD_FLAGS;
241
242	/*
243	* mft references (aka file references or file record segment references) are
244	* used whenever a structure needs to refer to a record in the mft.
245	*
246	* A reference consists of a 48-bit index into the mft and a 16-bit sequence
247	* number used to detect stale references.
248	*
249	* For error reporting purposes we treat the 48-bit index as a signed quantity.
250	*
251	* The sequence number is a circular counter (skipping 0) describing how many
252	* times the referenced mft record has been (re)used. This has to match the
253	* sequence number of the mft record being referenced, otherwise the reference
254	* is considered stale and removed (FIXME: only ntfsck or the driver itself?).
255	*
256	* If the sequence number is zero it is assumed that no sequence number
257	* consistency checking should be performed.
258	*
259	* FIXME: Since inodes are 32-bit as of now, the driver needs to always check
260	* for high_part being 0 and if not either BUG(), cause a panic() or handle
261	* the situation in some other way. This shouldn't be a problem as a volume has
262	* to become HUGE in order to need more than 32-bits worth of mft records.
263	* Assuming the standard mft record size of 1kb only the records (never mind
264	* the non-resident attributes, etc.) would require 4Tb of space on their own
265	* for the first 32 bits worth of records. This is only if some strange person
266	* doesn't decide to foul play and make the mft sparse which would be a really
267	* horrible thing to do as it would trash our current driver implementation. )-:
268	* Do I hear screams "we want 64-bit inodes!" ?!? (-;
269	*
270	* FIXME: The mft zone is defined as the first 12% of the volume. This space is
271	* reserved so that the mft can grow contiguously and hence doesn't become
272	* fragmented. Volume free space includes the empty part of the mft zone and
273	* when the volume's free 88% are used up, the mft zone is shrunk by a factor
274	* of 2, thus making more space available for more files/data. This process is
275	* repeated every time there is no more free space except for the mft zone until
276	* there really is no more free space.
277	*/
278
279	/*
280	* Typedef the MFT_REF as a 64-bit value for easier handling.
281	* Also define two unpacking macros to get to the reference (MREF) and
282	* sequence number (MSEQNO) respectively.
283	* The _LE versions are to be applied on little endian MFT_REFs.
284	* Note: The _LE versions will return a CPU endian formatted value!
285	*/
286	#define MFT_REF_MASK_CPU 0x0000ffffffffffffULL
287	#define MFT_REF_MASK_LE cpu_to_le64(MFT_REF_MASK_CPU)
288
289	typedef u64 MFT_REF;
290	typedef le64 leMFT_REF;
291
292	#define MK_MREF(m, s) ((MFT_REF)(((MFT_REF)(s) << 48) | \
293	((MFT_REF)(m) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU)))
294	#define MK_LE_MREF(m, s) cpu_to_le64(MK_MREF(m, s))
295
296	#define MREF(x) ((unsigned long)((x) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU))
297	#define MSEQNO(x) ((u16)(((x) >> 48) & 0xffff))
298	#define MREF_LE(x) ((unsigned long)(le64_to_cpu(x) & MFT_REF_MASK_CPU))
299	#define MSEQNO_LE(x) ((u16)((le64_to_cpu(x) >> 48) & 0xffff))
300
301	#define IS_ERR_MREF(x) (((x) & 0x0000800000000000ULL) ? true : false)
302	#define ERR_MREF(x) ((u64)((s64)(x)))
303	#define MREF_ERR(x) ((int)((s64)(x)))
304
305	/*
306	* The mft record header present at the beginning of every record in the mft.
307	* This is followed by a sequence of variable length attribute records which
308	* is terminated by an attribute of type AT_END which is a truncated attribute
309	* in that it only consists of the attribute type code AT_END and none of the
310	* other members of the attribute structure are present.
311	*/
312	typedef struct {
313	/*Ofs*/
314	/* 0 NTFS_RECORD; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */
315	NTFS_RECORD_TYPE magic; /* Usually the magic is "FILE". */
316	le16 usa_ofs; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */
317	le16 usa_count; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */
318
319	/* 8*/ le64 lsn; /* $LogFile sequence number for this record.
320	Changed every time the record is modified. */
321	/* 16*/ le16 sequence_number; /* Number of times this mft record has been
322	reused. (See description for MFT_REF
323	above.) NOTE: The increment (skipping zero)
324	is done when the file is deleted. NOTE: If
325	this is zero it is left zero. */
326	/* 18*/ le16 link_count; /* Number of hard links, i.e. the number of
327	directory entries referencing this record.
328	NOTE: Only used in mft base records.
329	NOTE: When deleting a directory entry we
330	check the link_count and if it is 1 we
331	delete the file. Otherwise we delete the
332	FILE_NAME_ATTR being referenced by the
333	directory entry from the mft record and
334	decrement the link_count.
335	FIXME: Careful with Win32 + DOS names! */
336	/* 20*/ le16 attrs_offset; /* Byte offset to the first attribute in this
337	mft record from the start of the mft record.
338	NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
339	/* 22*/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /* Bit array of MFT_RECORD_FLAGS. When a file
340	is deleted, the MFT_RECORD_IN_USE flag is
341	set to zero. */
342	/* 24*/ le32 bytes_in_use; /* Number of bytes used in this mft record.
343	NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
344	/* 28*/ le32 bytes_allocated; /* Number of bytes allocated for this mft
345	record. This should be equal to the mft
346	record size. */
347	/* 32*/ leMFT_REF base_mft_record;/* This is zero for base mft records.
348	When it is not zero it is a mft reference
349	pointing to the base mft record to which
350	this record belongs (this is then used to
351	locate the attribute list attribute present
352	in the base record which describes this
353	extension record and hence might need
354	modification when the extension record
355	itself is modified, also locating the
356	attribute list also means finding the other
357	potential extents, belonging to the non-base
358	mft record). */
359	/* 40*/ le16 next_attr_instance;/* The instance number that will be assigned to
360	the next attribute added to this mft record.
361	NOTE: Incremented each time after it is used.
362	NOTE: Every time the mft record is reused
363	this number is set to zero. NOTE: The first
364	instance number is always 0. */
365	/* The below fields are specific to NTFS 3.1+ (Windows XP and above): */
366	/* 42*/ le16 reserved; /* Reserved/alignment. */
367	/* 44*/ le32 mft_record_number; /* Number of this mft record. */
368	/* sizeof() = 48 bytes */
369	/*
370	* When (re)using the mft record, we place the update sequence array at this
371	* offset, i.e. before we start with the attributes. This also makes sense,
372	* otherwise we could run into problems with the update sequence array
373	* containing in itself the last two bytes of a sector which would mean that
374	* multi sector transfer protection wouldn't work. As you can't protect data
375	* by overwriting it since you then can't get it back...
376	* When reading we obviously use the data from the ntfs record header.
377	*/
378	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) MFT_RECORD;
379
380	/* This is the version without the NTFS 3.1+ specific fields. */
381	typedef struct {
382	/*Ofs*/
383	/* 0 NTFS_RECORD; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */
384	NTFS_RECORD_TYPE magic; /* Usually the magic is "FILE". */
385	le16 usa_ofs; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */
386	le16 usa_count; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition above. */
387
388	/* 8*/ le64 lsn; /* $LogFile sequence number for this record.
389	Changed every time the record is modified. */
390	/* 16*/ le16 sequence_number; /* Number of times this mft record has been
391	reused. (See description for MFT_REF
392	above.) NOTE: The increment (skipping zero)
393	is done when the file is deleted. NOTE: If
394	this is zero it is left zero. */
395	/* 18*/ le16 link_count; /* Number of hard links, i.e. the number of
396	directory entries referencing this record.
397	NOTE: Only used in mft base records.
398	NOTE: When deleting a directory entry we
399	check the link_count and if it is 1 we
400	delete the file. Otherwise we delete the
401	FILE_NAME_ATTR being referenced by the
402	directory entry from the mft record and
403	decrement the link_count.
404	FIXME: Careful with Win32 + DOS names! */
405	/* 20*/ le16 attrs_offset; /* Byte offset to the first attribute in this
406	mft record from the start of the mft record.
407	NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
408	/* 22*/ MFT_RECORD_FLAGS flags; /* Bit array of MFT_RECORD_FLAGS. When a file
409	is deleted, the MFT_RECORD_IN_USE flag is
410	set to zero. */
411	/* 24*/ le32 bytes_in_use; /* Number of bytes used in this mft record.
412	NOTE: Must be aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
413	/* 28*/ le32 bytes_allocated; /* Number of bytes allocated for this mft
414	record. This should be equal to the mft
415	record size. */
416	/* 32*/ leMFT_REF base_mft_record;/* This is zero for base mft records.
417	When it is not zero it is a mft reference
418	pointing to the base mft record to which
419	this record belongs (this is then used to
420	locate the attribute list attribute present
421	in the base record which describes this
422	extension record and hence might need
423	modification when the extension record
424	itself is modified, also locating the
425	attribute list also means finding the other
426	potential extents, belonging to the non-base
427	mft record). */
428	/* 40*/ le16 next_attr_instance;/* The instance number that will be assigned to
429	the next attribute added to this mft record.
430	NOTE: Incremented each time after it is used.
431	NOTE: Every time the mft record is reused
432	this number is set to zero. NOTE: The first
433	instance number is always 0. */
434	/* sizeof() = 42 bytes */
435	/*
436	* When (re)using the mft record, we place the update sequence array at this
437	* offset, i.e. before we start with the attributes. This also makes sense,
438	* otherwise we could run into problems with the update sequence array
439	* containing in itself the last two bytes of a sector which would mean that
440	* multi sector transfer protection wouldn't work. As you can't protect data
441	* by overwriting it since you then can't get it back...
442	* When reading we obviously use the data from the ntfs record header.
443	*/
444	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) MFT_RECORD_OLD;
445
446	/*
447	* System defined attributes (32-bit). Each attribute type has a corresponding
448	* attribute name (Unicode string of maximum 64 character length) as described
449	* by the attribute definitions present in the data attribute of the $AttrDef
450	* system file. On NTFS 3.0 volumes the names are just as the types are named
451	* in the below defines exchanging AT_ for the dollar sign ($). If that is not
452	* a revealing choice of symbol I do not know what is... (-;
453	*/
454	enum {
455	AT_UNUSED = cpu_to_le32( 0),
456	AT_STANDARD_INFORMATION = cpu_to_le32( 0x10),
457	AT_ATTRIBUTE_LIST = cpu_to_le32( 0x20),
458	AT_FILE_NAME = cpu_to_le32( 0x30),
459	AT_OBJECT_ID = cpu_to_le32( 0x40),
460	AT_SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR = cpu_to_le32( 0x50),
461	AT_VOLUME_NAME = cpu_to_le32( 0x60),
462	AT_VOLUME_INFORMATION = cpu_to_le32( 0x70),
463	AT_DATA = cpu_to_le32( 0x80),
464	AT_INDEX_ROOT = cpu_to_le32( 0x90),
465	AT_INDEX_ALLOCATION = cpu_to_le32( 0xa0),
466	AT_BITMAP = cpu_to_le32( 0xb0),
467	AT_REPARSE_POINT = cpu_to_le32( 0xc0),
468	AT_EA_INFORMATION = cpu_to_le32( 0xd0),
469	AT_EA = cpu_to_le32( 0xe0),
470	AT_PROPERTY_SET = cpu_to_le32( 0xf0),
471	AT_LOGGED_UTILITY_STREAM = cpu_to_le32( 0x100),
472	AT_FIRST_USER_DEFINED_ATTRIBUTE = cpu_to_le32( 0x1000),
473	AT_END = cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff)
474	};
475
476	typedef le32 ATTR_TYPE;
477
478	/*
479	* The collation rules for sorting views/indexes/etc (32-bit).
480	*
481	* COLLATION_BINARY - Collate by binary compare where the first byte is most
482	* significant.
483	* COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING - Collate Unicode strings by comparing their binary
484	* Unicode values, except that when a character can be uppercased, the
485	* upper case value collates before the lower case one.
486	* COLLATION_FILE_NAME - Collate file names as Unicode strings. The collation
487	* is done very much like COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING. In fact I have no idea
488	* what the difference is. Perhaps the difference is that file names
489	* would treat some special characters in an odd way (see
490	* unistr.c::ntfs_collate_names() and unistr.c::legal_ansi_char_array[]
491	* for what I mean but COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING would not give any special
492	* treatment to any characters at all, but this is speculation.
493	* COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG - Sorting is done according to ascending le32 key
494	* values. E.g. used for $SII index in FILE_Secure, which sorts by
495	* security_id (le32).
496	* COLLATION_NTOFS_SID - Sorting is done according to ascending SID values.
497	* E.g. used for $O index in FILE_Extend/$Quota.
498	* COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH - Sorting is done first by ascending hash
499	* values and second by ascending security_id values. E.g. used for $SDH
500	* index in FILE_Secure.
501	* COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS - Sorting is done according to a sequence of ascending
502	* le32 key values. E.g. used for $O index in FILE_Extend/$ObjId, which
503	* sorts by object_id (16-byte), by splitting up the object_id in four
504	* le32 values and using them as individual keys. E.g. take the following
505	* two security_ids, stored as follows on disk:
506	* 1st: a1 61 65 b7 65 7b d4 11 9e 3d 00 e0 81 10 42 59
507	* 2nd: 38 14 37 d2 d2 f3 d4 11 a5 21 c8 6b 79 b1 97 45
508	* To compare them, they are split into four le32 values each, like so:
509	* 1st: 0xb76561a1 0x11d47b65 0xe0003d9e 0x59421081
510	* 2nd: 0xd2371438 0x11d4f3d2 0x6bc821a5 0x4597b179
511	* Now, it is apparent why the 2nd object_id collates after the 1st: the
512	* first le32 value of the 1st object_id is less than the first le32 of
513	* the 2nd object_id. If the first le32 values of both object_ids were
514	* equal then the second le32 values would be compared, etc.
515	*/
516	enum {
517	COLLATION_BINARY = cpu_to_le32(0x00),
518	COLLATION_FILE_NAME = cpu_to_le32(0x01),
519	COLLATION_UNICODE_STRING = cpu_to_le32(0x02),
520	COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG = cpu_to_le32(0x10),
521	COLLATION_NTOFS_SID = cpu_to_le32(0x11),
522	COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH = cpu_to_le32(0x12),
523	COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS = cpu_to_le32(0x13),
524	};
525
526	typedef le32 COLLATION_RULE;
527
528	/*
529	* The flags (32-bit) describing attribute properties in the attribute
530	* definition structure. FIXME: This information is based on Regis's
531	* information and, according to him, it is not certain and probably
532	* incomplete. The INDEXABLE flag is fairly certainly correct as only the file
533	* name attribute has this flag set and this is the only attribute indexed in
534	* NT4.
535	*/
536	enum {
537	ATTR_DEF_INDEXABLE = cpu_to_le32(0x02), /* Attribute can be
538	indexed. */
539	ATTR_DEF_MULTIPLE = cpu_to_le32(0x04), /* Attribute type
540	can be present multiple times in the
541	mft records of an inode. */
542	ATTR_DEF_NOT_ZERO = cpu_to_le32(0x08), /* Attribute value
543	must contain at least one non-zero
544	byte. */
545	ATTR_DEF_INDEXED_UNIQUE = cpu_to_le32(0x10), /* Attribute must be
546	indexed and the attribute value must be
547	unique for the attribute type in all of
548	the mft records of an inode. */
549	ATTR_DEF_NAMED_UNIQUE = cpu_to_le32(0x20), /* Attribute must be
550	named and the name must be unique for
551	the attribute type in all of the mft
552	records of an inode. */
553	ATTR_DEF_RESIDENT = cpu_to_le32(0x40), /* Attribute must be
554	resident. */
555	ATTR_DEF_ALWAYS_LOG = cpu_to_le32(0x80), /* Always log
556	modifications to this attribute,
557	regardless of whether it is resident or
558	non-resident. Without this, only log
559	modifications if the attribute is
560	resident. */
561	};
562
563	typedef le32 ATTR_DEF_FLAGS;
564
565	/*
566	* The data attribute of FILE_AttrDef contains a sequence of attribute
567	* definitions for the NTFS volume. With this, it is supposed to be safe for an
568	* older NTFS driver to mount a volume containing a newer NTFS version without
569	* damaging it (that's the theory. In practice it's: not damaging it too much).
570	* Entries are sorted by attribute type. The flags describe whether the
571	* attribute can be resident/non-resident and possibly other things, but the
572	* actual bits are unknown.
573	*/
574	typedef struct {
575	/*hex ofs*/
576	/* 0*/ ntfschar name[0x40]; /* Unicode name of the attribute. Zero
577	terminated. */
578	/* 80*/ ATTR_TYPE type; /* Type of the attribute. */
579	/* 84*/ le32 display_rule; /* Default display rule.
580	FIXME: What does it mean? (AIA) */
581	/* 88*/ COLLATION_RULE collation_rule; /* Default collation rule. */
582	/* 8c*/ ATTR_DEF_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the attribute. */
583	/* 90*/ sle64 min_size; /* Optional minimum attribute size. */
584	/* 98*/ sle64 max_size; /* Maximum size of attribute. */
585	/* sizeof() = 0xa0 or 160 bytes */
586	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ATTR_DEF;
587
588	/*
589	* Attribute flags (16-bit).
590	*/
591	enum {
592	ATTR_IS_COMPRESSED = cpu_to_le16(0x0001),
593	ATTR_COMPRESSION_MASK = cpu_to_le16(0x00ff), /* Compression method
594	mask. Also, first
595	illegal value. */
596	ATTR_IS_ENCRYPTED = cpu_to_le16(0x4000),
597	ATTR_IS_SPARSE = cpu_to_le16(0x8000),
598	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
599
600	typedef le16 ATTR_FLAGS;
601
602	/*
603	* Attribute compression.
604	*
605	* Only the data attribute is ever compressed in the current ntfs driver in
606	* Windows. Further, compression is only applied when the data attribute is
607	* non-resident. Finally, to use compression, the maximum allowed cluster size
608	* on a volume is 4kib.
609	*
610	* The compression method is based on independently compressing blocks of X
611	* clusters, where X is determined from the compression_unit value found in the
612	* non-resident attribute record header (more precisely: X = 2^compression_unit
613	* clusters). On Windows NT/2k, X always is 16 clusters (compression_unit = 4).
614	*
615	* There are three different cases of how a compression block of X clusters
616	* can be stored:
617	*
618	* 1) The data in the block is all zero (a sparse block):
619	* This is stored as a sparse block in the runlist, i.e. the runlist
620	* entry has length = X and lcn = -1. The mapping pairs array actually
621	* uses a delta_lcn value length of 0, i.e. delta_lcn is not present at
622	* all, which is then interpreted by the driver as lcn = -1.
623	* NOTE: Even uncompressed files can be sparse on NTFS 3.0 volumes, then
624	* the same principles apply as above, except that the length is not
625	* restricted to being any particular value.
626	*
627	* 2) The data in the block is not compressed:
628	* This happens when compression doesn't reduce the size of the block
629	* in clusters. I.e. if compression has a small effect so that the
630	* compressed data still occupies X clusters, then the uncompressed data
631	* is stored in the block.
632	* This case is recognised by the fact that the runlist entry has
633	* length = X and lcn >= 0. The mapping pairs array stores this as
634	* normal with a run length of X and some specific delta_lcn, i.e.
635	* delta_lcn has to be present.
636	*
637	* 3) The data in the block is compressed:
638	* The common case. This case is recognised by the fact that the run
639	* list entry has length L < X and lcn >= 0. The mapping pairs array
640	* stores this as normal with a run length of X and some specific
641	* delta_lcn, i.e. delta_lcn has to be present. This runlist entry is
642	* immediately followed by a sparse entry with length = X - L and
643	* lcn = -1. The latter entry is to make up the vcn counting to the
644	* full compression block size X.
645	*
646	* In fact, life is more complicated because adjacent entries of the same type
647	* can be coalesced. This means that one has to keep track of the number of
648	* clusters handled and work on a basis of X clusters at a time being one
649	* block. An example: if length L > X this means that this particular runlist
650	* entry contains a block of length X and part of one or more blocks of length
651	* L - X. Another example: if length L < X, this does not necessarily mean that
652	* the block is compressed as it might be that the lcn changes inside the block
653	* and hence the following runlist entry describes the continuation of the
654	* potentially compressed block. The block would be compressed if the
655	* following runlist entry describes at least X - L sparse clusters, thus
656	* making up the compression block length as described in point 3 above. (Of
657	* course, there can be several runlist entries with small lengths so that the
658	* sparse entry does not follow the first data containing entry with
659	* length < X.)
660	*
661	* NOTE: At the end of the compressed attribute value, there most likely is not
662	* just the right amount of data to make up a compression block, thus this data
663	* is not even attempted to be compressed. It is just stored as is, unless
664	* the number of clusters it occupies is reduced when compressed in which case
665	* it is stored as a compressed compression block, complete with sparse
666	* clusters at the end.
667	*/
668
669	/*
670	* Flags of resident attributes (8-bit).
671	*/
672	enum {
673	RESIDENT_ATTR_IS_INDEXED = 0x01, /* Attribute is referenced in an index
674	(has implications for deleting and
675	modifying the attribute). */
676	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
677
678	typedef u8 RESIDENT_ATTR_FLAGS;
679
680	/*
681	* Attribute record header. Always aligned to 8-byte boundary.
682	*/
683	typedef struct {
684	/*Ofs*/
685	/* 0*/ ATTR_TYPE type; /* The (32-bit) type of the attribute. */
686	/* 4*/ le32 length; /* Byte size of the resident part of the
687	attribute (aligned to 8-byte boundary).
688	Used to get to the next attribute. */
689	/* 8*/ u8 non_resident; /* If 0, attribute is resident.
690	If 1, attribute is non-resident. */
691	/* 9*/ u8 name_length; /* Unicode character size of name of attribute.
692	0 if unnamed. */
693	/* 10*/ le16 name_offset; /* If name_length != 0, the byte offset to the
694	beginning of the name from the attribute
695	record. Note that the name is stored as a
696	Unicode string. When creating, place offset
697	just at the end of the record header. Then,
698	follow with attribute value or mapping pairs
699	array, resident and non-resident attributes
700	respectively, aligning to an 8-byte
701	boundary. */
702	/* 12*/ ATTR_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the attribute. */
703	/* 14*/ le16 instance; /* The instance of this attribute record. This
704	number is unique within this mft record (see
705	MFT_RECORD/next_attribute_instance notes in
706	mft.h for more details). */
707	/* 16*/ union {
708	/* Resident attributes. */
709	struct {
710	/* 16 */ le32 value_length;/* Byte size of attribute value. */
711	/* 20 */ le16 value_offset;/* Byte offset of the attribute
712	value from the start of the
713	attribute record. When creating,
714	align to 8-byte boundary if we
715	have a name present as this might
716	not have a length of a multiple
717	of 8-bytes. */
718	/* 22 */ RESIDENT_ATTR_FLAGS flags; /* See above. */
719	/* 23 */ s8 reserved; /* Reserved/alignment to 8-byte
720	boundary. */
721	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) resident;
722	/* Non-resident attributes. */
723	struct {
724	/* 16*/ leVCN lowest_vcn;/* Lowest valid virtual cluster number
725	for this portion of the attribute value or
726	0 if this is the only extent (usually the
727	case). - Only when an attribute list is used
728	does lowest_vcn != 0 ever occur. */
729	/* 24*/ leVCN highest_vcn;/* Highest valid vcn of this extent of
730	the attribute value. - Usually there is only one
731	portion, so this usually equals the attribute
732	value size in clusters minus 1. Can be -1 for
733	zero length files. Can be 0 for "single extent"
734	attributes. */
735	/* 32*/ le16 mapping_pairs_offset; /* Byte offset from the
736	beginning of the structure to the mapping pairs
737	array which contains the mappings between the
738	vcns and the logical cluster numbers (lcns).
739	When creating, place this at the end of this
740	record header aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
741	/* 34*/ u8 compression_unit; /* The compression unit expressed
742	as the log to the base 2 of the number of
743	clusters in a compression unit. 0 means not
744	compressed. (This effectively limits the
745	compression unit size to be a power of two
746	clusters.) WinNT4 only uses a value of 4.
747	Sparse files have this set to 0 on XPSP2. */
748	/* 35*/ u8 reserved[5]; /* Align to 8-byte boundary. */
749	/* The sizes below are only used when lowest_vcn is zero, as otherwise it would
750	be difficult to keep them up-to-date.*/
751	/* 40*/ sle64 allocated_size; /* Byte size of disk space
752	allocated to hold the attribute value. Always
753	is a multiple of the cluster size. When a file
754	is compressed, this field is a multiple of the
755	compression block size (2^compression_unit) and
756	it represents the logically allocated space
757	rather than the actual on disk usage. For this
758	use the compressed_size (see below). */
759	/* 48*/ sle64 data_size; /* Byte size of the attribute
760	value. Can be larger than allocated_size if
761	attribute value is compressed or sparse. */
762	/* 56*/ sle64 initialized_size; /* Byte size of initialized
763	portion of the attribute value. Usually equals
764	data_size. */
765	/* sizeof(uncompressed attr) = 64*/
766	/* 64*/ sle64 compressed_size; /* Byte size of the attribute
767	value after compression. Only present when
768	compressed or sparse. Always is a multiple of
769	the cluster size. Represents the actual amount
770	of disk space being used on the disk. */
771	/* sizeof(compressed attr) = 72*/
772	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) non_resident;
773	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) data;
774	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ATTR_RECORD;
775
776	typedef ATTR_RECORD ATTR_REC;
777
778	/*
779	* File attribute flags (32-bit) appearing in the file_attributes fields of the
780	* STANDARD_INFORMATION attribute of MFT_RECORDs and the FILENAME_ATTR
781	* attributes of MFT_RECORDs and directory index entries.
782	*
783	* All of the below flags appear in the directory index entries but only some
784	* appear in the STANDARD_INFORMATION attribute whilst only some others appear
785	* in the FILENAME_ATTR attribute of MFT_RECORDs. Unless otherwise stated the
786	* flags appear in all of the above.
787	*/
788	enum {
789	FILE_ATTR_READONLY = cpu_to_le32(0x00000001),
790	FILE_ATTR_HIDDEN = cpu_to_le32(0x00000002),
791	FILE_ATTR_SYSTEM = cpu_to_le32(0x00000004),
792	/* Old DOS volid. Unused in NT. = cpu_to_le32(0x00000008), */
793
794	FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY = cpu_to_le32(0x00000010),
795	/* Note, FILE_ATTR_DIRECTORY is not considered valid in NT. It is
796	reserved for the DOS SUBDIRECTORY flag. */
797	FILE_ATTR_ARCHIVE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000020),
798	FILE_ATTR_DEVICE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000040),
799	FILE_ATTR_NORMAL = cpu_to_le32(0x00000080),
800
801	FILE_ATTR_TEMPORARY = cpu_to_le32(0x00000100),
802	FILE_ATTR_SPARSE_FILE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000200),
803	FILE_ATTR_REPARSE_POINT = cpu_to_le32(0x00000400),
804	FILE_ATTR_COMPRESSED = cpu_to_le32(0x00000800),
805
806	FILE_ATTR_OFFLINE = cpu_to_le32(0x00001000),
807	FILE_ATTR_NOT_CONTENT_INDEXED = cpu_to_le32(0x00002000),
808	FILE_ATTR_ENCRYPTED = cpu_to_le32(0x00004000),
809
810	FILE_ATTR_VALID_FLAGS = cpu_to_le32(0x00007fb7),
811	/* Note, FILE_ATTR_VALID_FLAGS masks out the old DOS VolId and the
812	FILE_ATTR_DEVICE and preserves everything else. This mask is used
813	to obtain all flags that are valid for reading. */
814	FILE_ATTR_VALID_SET_FLAGS = cpu_to_le32(0x000031a7),
815	/* Note, FILE_ATTR_VALID_SET_FLAGS masks out the old DOS VolId, the
816	F_A_DEVICE, F_A_DIRECTORY, F_A_SPARSE_FILE, F_A_REPARSE_POINT,
817	F_A_COMPRESSED, and F_A_ENCRYPTED and preserves the rest. This mask
818	is used to obtain all flags that are valid for setting. */
819	/*
820	* The flag FILE_ATTR_DUP_FILENAME_INDEX_PRESENT is present in all
821	* FILENAME_ATTR attributes but not in the STANDARD_INFORMATION
822	* attribute of an mft record.
823	*/
824	FILE_ATTR_DUP_FILE_NAME_INDEX_PRESENT = cpu_to_le32(0x10000000),
825	/* Note, this is a copy of the corresponding bit from the mft record,
826	telling us whether this is a directory or not, i.e. whether it has
827	an index root attribute or not. */
828	FILE_ATTR_DUP_VIEW_INDEX_PRESENT = cpu_to_le32(0x20000000),
829	/* Note, this is a copy of the corresponding bit from the mft record,
830	telling us whether this file has a view index present (eg. object id
831	index, quota index, one of the security indexes or the encrypting
832	filesystem related indexes). */
833	};
834
835	typedef le32 FILE_ATTR_FLAGS;
836
837	/*
838	* NOTE on times in NTFS: All times are in MS standard time format, i.e. they
839	* are the number of 100-nanosecond intervals since 1st January 1601, 00:00:00
840	* universal coordinated time (UTC). (In Linux time starts 1st January 1970,
841	* 00:00:00 UTC and is stored as the number of 1-second intervals since then.)
842	*/
843
844	/*
845	* Attribute: Standard information (0x10).
846	*
847	* NOTE: Always resident.
848	* NOTE: Present in all base file records on a volume.
849	* NOTE: There is conflicting information about the meaning of each of the time
850	* fields but the meaning as defined below has been verified to be
851	* correct by practical experimentation on Windows NT4 SP6a and is hence
852	* assumed to be the one and only correct interpretation.
853	*/
854	typedef struct {
855	/*Ofs*/
856	/* 0*/ sle64 creation_time; /* Time file was created. Updated when
857	a filename is changed(?). */
858	/* 8*/ sle64 last_data_change_time; /* Time the data attribute was last
859	modified. */
860	/* 16*/ sle64 last_mft_change_time; /* Time this mft record was last
861	modified. */
862	/* 24*/ sle64 last_access_time; /* Approximate time when the file was
863	last accessed (obviously this is not
864	updated on read-only volumes). In
865	Windows this is only updated when
866	accessed if some time delta has
867	passed since the last update. Also,
868	last access time updates can be
869	disabled altogether for speed. */
870	/* 32*/ FILE_ATTR_FLAGS file_attributes; /* Flags describing the file. */
871	/* 36*/ union {
872	/* NTFS 1.2 */
873	struct {
874	/* 36*/ u8 reserved12[12]; /* Reserved/alignment to 8-byte
875	boundary. */
876	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) v1;
877	/* sizeof() = 48 bytes */
878	/* NTFS 3.x */
879	struct {
880	/*
881	* If a volume has been upgraded from a previous NTFS version, then these
882	* fields are present only if the file has been accessed since the upgrade.
883	* Recognize the difference by comparing the length of the resident attribute
884	* value. If it is 48, then the following fields are missing. If it is 72 then
885	* the fields are present. Maybe just check like this:
886	* if (resident.ValueLength < sizeof(STANDARD_INFORMATION)) {
887	* Assume NTFS 1.2- format.
888	* If (volume version is 3.x)
889	* Upgrade attribute to NTFS 3.x format.
890	* else
891	* Use NTFS 1.2- format for access.
892	* } else
893	* Use NTFS 3.x format for access.
894	* Only problem is that it might be legal to set the length of the value to
895	* arbitrarily large values thus spoiling this check. - But chkdsk probably
896	* views that as a corruption, assuming that it behaves like this for all
897	* attributes.
898	*/
899	/* 36*/ le32 maximum_versions; /* Maximum allowed versions for
900	file. Zero if version numbering is disabled. */
901	/* 40*/ le32 version_number; /* This file's version (if any).
902	Set to zero if maximum_versions is zero. */
903	/* 44*/ le32 class_id; /* Class id from bidirectional
904	class id index (?). */
905	/* 48*/ le32 owner_id; /* Owner_id of the user owning
906	the file. Translate via $Q index in FILE_Extend
907	/$Quota to the quota control entry for the user
908	owning the file. Zero if quotas are disabled. */
909	/* 52*/ le32 security_id; /* Security_id for the file.
910	Translate via $SII index and $SDS data stream
911	in FILE_Secure to the security descriptor. */
912	/* 56*/ le64 quota_charged; /* Byte size of the charge to
913	the quota for all streams of the file. Note: Is
914	zero if quotas are disabled. */
915	/* 64*/ leUSN usn; /* Last update sequence number
916	of the file. This is a direct index into the
917	transaction log file ($UsnJrnl). It is zero if
918	the usn journal is disabled or this file has
919	not been subject to logging yet. See usnjrnl.h
920	for details. */
921	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) v3;
922	/* sizeof() = 72 bytes (NTFS 3.x) */
923	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ver;
924	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) STANDARD_INFORMATION;
925
926	/*
927	* Attribute: Attribute list (0x20).
928	*
929	* - Can be either resident or non-resident.
930	* - Value consists of a sequence of variable length, 8-byte aligned,
931	* ATTR_LIST_ENTRY records.
932	* - The list is not terminated by anything at all! The only way to know when
933	* the end is reached is to keep track of the current offset and compare it to
934	* the attribute value size.
935	* - The attribute list attribute contains one entry for each attribute of
936	* the file in which the list is located, except for the list attribute
937	* itself. The list is sorted: first by attribute type, second by attribute
938	* name (if present), third by instance number. The extents of one
939	* non-resident attribute (if present) immediately follow after the initial
940	* extent. They are ordered by lowest_vcn and have their instace set to zero.
941	* It is not allowed to have two attributes with all sorting keys equal.
942	* - Further restrictions:
943	* - If not resident, the vcn to lcn mapping array has to fit inside the
944	* base mft record.
945	* - The attribute list attribute value has a maximum size of 256kb. This
946	* is imposed by the Windows cache manager.
947	* - Attribute lists are only used when the attributes of mft record do not
948	* fit inside the mft record despite all attributes (that can be made
949	* non-resident) having been made non-resident. This can happen e.g. when:
950	* - File has a large number of hard links (lots of file name
951	* attributes present).
952	* - The mapping pairs array of some non-resident attribute becomes so
953	* large due to fragmentation that it overflows the mft record.
954	* - The security descriptor is very complex (not applicable to
955	* NTFS 3.0 volumes).
956	* - There are many named streams.
957	*/
958	typedef struct {
959	/*Ofs*/
960	/* 0*/ ATTR_TYPE type; /* Type of referenced attribute. */
961	/* 4*/ le16 length; /* Byte size of this entry (8-byte aligned). */
962	/* 6*/ u8 name_length; /* Size in Unicode chars of the name of the
963	attribute or 0 if unnamed. */
964	/* 7*/ u8 name_offset; /* Byte offset to beginning of attribute name
965	(always set this to where the name would
966	start even if unnamed). */
967	/* 8*/ leVCN lowest_vcn; /* Lowest virtual cluster number of this portion
968	of the attribute value. This is usually 0. It
969	is non-zero for the case where one attribute
970	does not fit into one mft record and thus
971	several mft records are allocated to hold
972	this attribute. In the latter case, each mft
973	record holds one extent of the attribute and
974	there is one attribute list entry for each
975	extent. NOTE: This is DEFINITELY a signed
976	value! The windows driver uses cmp, followed
977	by jg when comparing this, thus it treats it
978	as signed. */
979	/* 16*/ leMFT_REF mft_reference;/* The reference of the mft record holding
980	the ATTR_RECORD for this portion of the
981	attribute value. */
982	/* 24*/ le16 instance; /* If lowest_vcn = 0, the instance of the
983	attribute being referenced; otherwise 0. */
984	/* 26*/ ntfschar name[0]; /* Use when creating only. When reading use
985	name_offset to determine the location of the
986	name. */
987	/* sizeof() = 26 + (attribute_name_length * 2) bytes */
988	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ATTR_LIST_ENTRY;
989
990	/*
991	* The maximum allowed length for a file name.
992	*/
993	#define MAXIMUM_FILE_NAME_LENGTH 255
994
995	/*
996	* Possible namespaces for filenames in ntfs (8-bit).
997	*/
998	enum {
999	FILE_NAME_POSIX = 0x00,
1000	/* This is the largest namespace. It is case sensitive and allows all
1001	Unicode characters except for: '\0' and '/'. Beware that in
1002	WinNT/2k/2003 by default files which eg have the same name except
1003	for their case will not be distinguished by the standard utilities
1004	and thus a "del filename" will delete both "filename" and "fileName"
1005	without warning. However if for example Services For Unix (SFU) are
1006	installed and the case sensitive option was enabled at installation
1007	time, then you can create/access/delete such files.
1008	Note that even SFU places restrictions on the filenames beyond the
1009	'\0' and '/' and in particular the following set of characters is
1010	not allowed: '"', '/', '<', '>', '\'. All other characters,
1011	including the ones no allowed in WIN32 namespace are allowed.
1012	Tested with SFU 3.5 (this is now free) running on Windows XP. */
1013	FILE_NAME_WIN32 = 0x01,
1014	/* The standard WinNT/2k NTFS long filenames. Case insensitive. All
1015	Unicode chars except: '\0', '"', '*', '/', ':', '<', '>', '?', '\',
1016	and '|'. Further, names cannot end with a '.' or a space. */
1017	FILE_NAME_DOS = 0x02,
1018	/* The standard DOS filenames (8.3 format). Uppercase only. All 8-bit
1019	characters greater space, except: '"', '*', '+', ',', '/', ':', ';',
1020	'<', '=', '>', '?', and '\'. */
1021	FILE_NAME_WIN32_AND_DOS = 0x03,
1022	/* 3 means that both the Win32 and the DOS filenames are identical and
1023	hence have been saved in this single filename record. */
1024	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
1025
1026	typedef u8 FILE_NAME_TYPE_FLAGS;
1027
1028	/*
1029	* Attribute: Filename (0x30).
1030	*
1031	* NOTE: Always resident.
1032	* NOTE: All fields, except the parent_directory, are only updated when the
1033	* filename is changed. Until then, they just become out of sync with
1034	* reality and the more up to date values are present in the standard
1035	* information attribute.
1036	* NOTE: There is conflicting information about the meaning of each of the time
1037	* fields but the meaning as defined below has been verified to be
1038	* correct by practical experimentation on Windows NT4 SP6a and is hence
1039	* assumed to be the one and only correct interpretation.
1040	*/
1041	typedef struct {
1042	/*hex ofs*/
1043	/* 0*/ leMFT_REF parent_directory; /* Directory this filename is
1044	referenced from. */
1045	/* 8*/ sle64 creation_time; /* Time file was created. */
1046	/* 10*/ sle64 last_data_change_time; /* Time the data attribute was last
1047	modified. */
1048	/* 18*/ sle64 last_mft_change_time; /* Time this mft record was last
1049	modified. */
1050	/* 20*/ sle64 last_access_time; /* Time this mft record was last
1051	accessed. */
1052	/* 28*/ sle64 allocated_size; /* Byte size of on-disk allocated space
1053	for the unnamed data attribute. So
1054	for normal $DATA, this is the
1055	allocated_size from the unnamed
1056	$DATA attribute and for compressed
1057	and/or sparse $DATA, this is the
1058	compressed_size from the unnamed
1059	$DATA attribute. For a directory or
1060	other inode without an unnamed $DATA
1061	attribute, this is always 0. NOTE:
1062	This is a multiple of the cluster
1063	size. */
1064	/* 30*/ sle64 data_size; /* Byte size of actual data in unnamed
1065	data attribute. For a directory or
1066	other inode without an unnamed $DATA
1067	attribute, this is always 0. */
1068	/* 38*/ FILE_ATTR_FLAGS file_attributes; /* Flags describing the file. */
1069	/* 3c*/ union {
1070	/* 3c*/ struct {
1071	/* 3c*/ le16 packed_ea_size; /* Size of the buffer needed to
1072	pack the extended attributes
1073	(EAs), if such are present.*/
1074	/* 3e*/ le16 reserved; /* Reserved for alignment. */
1075	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ea;
1076	/* 3c*/ struct {
1077	/* 3c*/ le32 reparse_point_tag; /* Type of reparse point,
1078	present only in reparse
1079	points and only if there are
1080	no EAs. */
1081	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) rp;
1082	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) type;
1083	/* 40*/ u8 file_name_length; /* Length of file name in
1084	(Unicode) characters. */
1085	/* 41*/ FILE_NAME_TYPE_FLAGS file_name_type; /* Namespace of the file name.*/
1086	/* 42*/ ntfschar file_name[0]; /* File name in Unicode. */
1087	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) FILE_NAME_ATTR;
1088
1089	/*
1090	* GUID structures store globally unique identifiers (GUID). A GUID is a
1091	* 128-bit value consisting of one group of eight hexadecimal digits, followed
1092	* by three groups of four hexadecimal digits each, followed by one group of
1093	* twelve hexadecimal digits. GUIDs are Microsoft's implementation of the
1094	* distributed computing environment (DCE) universally unique identifier (UUID).
1095	* Example of a GUID:
1096	* 1F010768-5A73-BC91-0010A52216A7
1097	*/
1098	typedef struct {
1099	le32 data1; /* The first eight hexadecimal digits of the GUID. */
1100	le16 data2; /* The first group of four hexadecimal digits. */
1101	le16 data3; /* The second group of four hexadecimal digits. */
1102	u8 data4[8]; /* The first two bytes are the third group of four
1103	hexadecimal digits. The remaining six bytes are the
1104	final 12 hexadecimal digits. */
1105	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) GUID;
1106
1107	/*
1108	* FILE_Extend/$ObjId contains an index named $O. This index contains all
1109	* object_ids present on the volume as the index keys and the corresponding
1110	* mft_record numbers as the index entry data parts. The data part (defined
1111	* below) also contains three other object_ids:
1112	* birth_volume_id - object_id of FILE_Volume on which the file was first
1113	* created. Optional (i.e. can be zero).
1114	* birth_object_id - object_id of file when it was first created. Usually
1115	* equals the object_id. Optional (i.e. can be zero).
1116	* domain_id - Reserved (always zero).
1117	*/
1118	typedef struct {
1119	leMFT_REF mft_reference;/* Mft record containing the object_id in
1120	the index entry key. */
1121	union {
1122	struct {
1123	GUID birth_volume_id;
1124	GUID birth_object_id;
1125	GUID domain_id;
1126	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) origin;
1127	u8 extended_info[48];
1128	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) opt;
1129	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) OBJ_ID_INDEX_DATA;
1130
1131	/*
1132	* Attribute: Object id (NTFS 3.0+) (0x40).
1133	*
1134	* NOTE: Always resident.
1135	*/
1136	typedef struct {
1137	GUID object_id; /* Unique id assigned to the
1138	file.*/
1139	/* The following fields are optional. The attribute value size is 16
1140	bytes, i.e. sizeof(GUID), if these are not present at all. Note,
1141	the entries can be present but one or more (or all) can be zero
1142	meaning that that particular value(s) is(are) not defined. */
1143	union {
1144	struct {
1145	GUID birth_volume_id; /* Unique id of volume on which
1146	the file was first created.*/
1147	GUID birth_object_id; /* Unique id of file when it was
1148	first created. */
1149	GUID domain_id; /* Reserved, zero. */
1150	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) origin;
1151	u8 extended_info[48];
1152	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) opt;
1153	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) OBJECT_ID_ATTR;
1154
1155	/*
1156	* The pre-defined IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITIES used as SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY in
1157	* the SID structure (see below).
1158	*/
1159	//typedef enum { /* SID string prefix. */
1160	// SECURITY_NULL_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0}, /* S-1-0 */
1161	// SECURITY_WORLD_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1}, /* S-1-1 */
1162	// SECURITY_LOCAL_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 2}, /* S-1-2 */
1163	// SECURITY_CREATOR_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 3}, /* S-1-3 */
1164	// SECURITY_NON_UNIQUE_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 4}, /* S-1-4 */
1165	// SECURITY_NT_SID_AUTHORITY = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5}, /* S-1-5 */
1166	//} IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITIES;
1167
1168	/*
1169	* These relative identifiers (RIDs) are used with the above identifier
1170	* authorities to make up universal well-known SIDs.
1171	*
1172	* Note: The relative identifier (RID) refers to the portion of a SID, which
1173	* identifies a user or group in relation to the authority that issued the SID.
1174	* For example, the universal well-known SID Creator Owner ID (S-1-3-0) is
1175	* made up of the identifier authority SECURITY_CREATOR_SID_AUTHORITY (3) and
1176	* the relative identifier SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_RID (0).
1177	*/
1178	typedef enum { /* Identifier authority. */
1179	SECURITY_NULL_RID = 0, /* S-1-0 */
1180	SECURITY_WORLD_RID = 0, /* S-1-1 */
1181	SECURITY_LOCAL_RID = 0, /* S-1-2 */
1182
1183	SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_RID = 0, /* S-1-3 */
1184	SECURITY_CREATOR_GROUP_RID = 1, /* S-1-3 */
1185
1186	SECURITY_CREATOR_OWNER_SERVER_RID = 2, /* S-1-3 */
1187	SECURITY_CREATOR_GROUP_SERVER_RID = 3, /* S-1-3 */
1188
1189	SECURITY_DIALUP_RID = 1,
1190	SECURITY_NETWORK_RID = 2,
1191	SECURITY_BATCH_RID = 3,
1192	SECURITY_INTERACTIVE_RID = 4,
1193	SECURITY_SERVICE_RID = 6,
1194	SECURITY_ANONYMOUS_LOGON_RID = 7,
1195	SECURITY_PROXY_RID = 8,
1196	SECURITY_ENTERPRISE_CONTROLLERS_RID=9,
1197	SECURITY_SERVER_LOGON_RID = 9,
1198	SECURITY_PRINCIPAL_SELF_RID = 0xa,
1199	SECURITY_AUTHENTICATED_USER_RID = 0xb,
1200	SECURITY_RESTRICTED_CODE_RID = 0xc,
1201	SECURITY_TERMINAL_SERVER_RID = 0xd,
1202
1203	SECURITY_LOGON_IDS_RID = 5,
1204	SECURITY_LOGON_IDS_RID_COUNT = 3,
1205
1206	SECURITY_LOCAL_SYSTEM_RID = 0x12,
1207
1208	SECURITY_NT_NON_UNIQUE = 0x15,
1209
1210	SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID = 0x20,
1211
1212	/*
1213	* Well-known domain relative sub-authority values (RIDs).
1214	*/
1215
1216	/* Users. */
1217	DOMAIN_USER_RID_ADMIN = 0x1f4,
1218	DOMAIN_USER_RID_GUEST = 0x1f5,
1219	DOMAIN_USER_RID_KRBTGT = 0x1f6,
1220
1221	/* Groups. */
1222	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_ADMINS = 0x200,
1223	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_USERS = 0x201,
1224	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_GUESTS = 0x202,
1225	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_COMPUTERS = 0x203,
1226	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_CONTROLLERS = 0x204,
1227	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_CERT_ADMINS = 0x205,
1228	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_SCHEMA_ADMINS = 0x206,
1229	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_ENTERPRISE_ADMINS= 0x207,
1230	DOMAIN_GROUP_RID_POLICY_ADMINS = 0x208,
1231
1232	/* Aliases. */
1233	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS = 0x220,
1234	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_USERS = 0x221,
1235	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_GUESTS = 0x222,
1236	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_POWER_USERS = 0x223,
1237
1238	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ACCOUNT_OPS = 0x224,
1239	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_SYSTEM_OPS = 0x225,
1240	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_PRINT_OPS = 0x226,
1241	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_BACKUP_OPS = 0x227,
1242
1243	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_REPLICATOR = 0x228,
1244	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_RAS_SERVERS = 0x229,
1245	DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_PREW2KCOMPACCESS = 0x22a,
1246	} RELATIVE_IDENTIFIERS;
1247
1248	/*
1249	* The universal well-known SIDs:
1250	*
1251	* NULL_SID S-1-0-0
1252	* WORLD_SID S-1-1-0
1253	* LOCAL_SID S-1-2-0
1254	* CREATOR_OWNER_SID S-1-3-0
1255	* CREATOR_GROUP_SID S-1-3-1
1256	* CREATOR_OWNER_SERVER_SID S-1-3-2
1257	* CREATOR_GROUP_SERVER_SID S-1-3-3
1258	*
1259	* (Non-unique IDs) S-1-4
1260	*
1261	* NT well-known SIDs:
1262	*
1263	* NT_AUTHORITY_SID S-1-5
1264	* DIALUP_SID S-1-5-1
1265	*
1266	* NETWORD_SID S-1-5-2
1267	* BATCH_SID S-1-5-3
1268	* INTERACTIVE_SID S-1-5-4
1269	* SERVICE_SID S-1-5-6
1270	* ANONYMOUS_LOGON_SID S-1-5-7 (aka null logon session)
1271	* PROXY_SID S-1-5-8
1272	* SERVER_LOGON_SID S-1-5-9 (aka domain controller account)
1273	* SELF_SID S-1-5-10 (self RID)
1274	* AUTHENTICATED_USER_SID S-1-5-11
1275	* RESTRICTED_CODE_SID S-1-5-12 (running restricted code)
1276	* TERMINAL_SERVER_SID S-1-5-13 (running on terminal server)
1277	*
1278	* (Logon IDs) S-1-5-5-X-Y
1279	*
1280	* (NT non-unique IDs) S-1-5-0x15-...
1281	*
1282	* (Built-in domain) S-1-5-0x20
1283	*/
1284
1285	/*
1286	* The SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY is a 48-bit value used in the SID structure.
1287	*
1288	* NOTE: This is stored as a big endian number, hence the high_part comes
1289	* before the low_part.
1290	*/
1291	typedef union {
1292	struct {
1293	u16 high_part; /* High 16-bits. */
1294	u32 low_part; /* Low 32-bits. */
1295	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) parts;
1296	u8 value[6]; /* Value as individual bytes. */
1297	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY;
1298
1299	/*
1300	* The SID structure is a variable-length structure used to uniquely identify
1301	* users or groups. SID stands for security identifier.
1302	*
1303	* The standard textual representation of the SID is of the form:
1304	* S-R-I-S-S...
1305	* Where:
1306	* - The first "S" is the literal character 'S' identifying the following
1307	* digits as a SID.
1308	* - R is the revision level of the SID expressed as a sequence of digits
1309	* either in decimal or hexadecimal (if the later, prefixed by "0x").
1310	* - I is the 48-bit identifier_authority, expressed as digits as R above.
1311	* - S... is one or more sub_authority values, expressed as digits as above.
1312	*
1313	* Example SID; the domain-relative SID of the local Administrators group on
1314	* Windows NT/2k:
1315	* S-1-5-32-544
1316	* This translates to a SID with:
1317	* revision = 1,
1318	* sub_authority_count = 2,
1319	* identifier_authority = {0,0,0,0,0,5}, // SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY
1320	* sub_authority[0] = 32, // SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID
1321	* sub_authority[1] = 544 // DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS
1322	*/
1323	typedef struct {
1324	u8 revision;
1325	u8 sub_authority_count;
1326	SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY identifier_authority;
1327	le32 sub_authority[1]; /* At least one sub_authority. */
1328	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SID;
1329
1330	/*
1331	* Current constants for SIDs.
1332	*/
1333	typedef enum {
1334	SID_REVISION = 1, /* Current revision level. */
1335	SID_MAX_SUB_AUTHORITIES = 15, /* Maximum number of those. */
1336	SID_RECOMMENDED_SUB_AUTHORITIES = 1, /* Will change to around 6 in
1337	a future revision. */
1338	} SID_CONSTANTS;
1339
1340	/*
1341	* The predefined ACE types (8-bit, see below).
1342	*/
1343	enum {
1344	ACCESS_MIN_MS_ACE_TYPE = 0,
1345	ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE_TYPE = 0,
1346	ACCESS_DENIED_ACE_TYPE = 1,
1347	SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE_TYPE = 2,
1348	SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE_TYPE = 3, /* Not implemented as of Win2k. */
1349	ACCESS_MAX_MS_V2_ACE_TYPE = 3,
1350
1351	ACCESS_ALLOWED_COMPOUND_ACE_TYPE= 4,
1352	ACCESS_MAX_MS_V3_ACE_TYPE = 4,
1353
1354	/* The following are Win2k only. */
1355	ACCESS_MIN_MS_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 5,
1356	ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 5,
1357	ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 6,
1358	SYSTEM_AUDIT_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 7,
1359	SYSTEM_ALARM_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 8,
1360	ACCESS_MAX_MS_OBJECT_ACE_TYPE = 8,
1361
1362	ACCESS_MAX_MS_V4_ACE_TYPE = 8,
1363
1364	/* This one is for WinNT/2k. */
1365	ACCESS_MAX_MS_ACE_TYPE = 8,
1366	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
1367
1368	typedef u8 ACE_TYPES;
1369
1370	/*
1371	* The ACE flags (8-bit) for audit and inheritance (see below).
1372	*
1373	* SUCCESSFUL_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG is only used with system audit and alarm ACE
1374	* types to indicate that a message is generated (in Windows!) for successful
1375	* accesses.
1376	*
1377	* FAILED_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG is only used with system audit and alarm ACE types
1378	* to indicate that a message is generated (in Windows!) for failed accesses.
1379	*/
1380	enum {
1381	/* The inheritance flags. */
1382	OBJECT_INHERIT_ACE = 0x01,
1383	CONTAINER_INHERIT_ACE = 0x02,
1384	NO_PROPAGATE_INHERIT_ACE = 0x04,
1385	INHERIT_ONLY_ACE = 0x08,
1386	INHERITED_ACE = 0x10, /* Win2k only. */
1387	VALID_INHERIT_FLAGS = 0x1f,
1388
1389	/* The audit flags. */
1390	SUCCESSFUL_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG = 0x40,
1391	FAILED_ACCESS_ACE_FLAG = 0x80,
1392	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
1393
1394	typedef u8 ACE_FLAGS;
1395
1396	/*
1397	* An ACE is an access-control entry in an access-control list (ACL).
1398	* An ACE defines access to an object for a specific user or group or defines
1399	* the types of access that generate system-administration messages or alarms
1400	* for a specific user or group. The user or group is identified by a security
1401	* identifier (SID).
1402	*
1403	* Each ACE starts with an ACE_HEADER structure (aligned on 4-byte boundary),
1404	* which specifies the type and size of the ACE. The format of the subsequent
1405	* data depends on the ACE type.
1406	*/
1407	typedef struct {
1408	/*Ofs*/
1409	/* 0*/ ACE_TYPES type; /* Type of the ACE. */
1410	/* 1*/ ACE_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the ACE. */
1411	/* 2*/ le16 size; /* Size in bytes of the ACE. */
1412	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ACE_HEADER;
1413
1414	/*
1415	* The access mask (32-bit). Defines the access rights.
1416	*
1417	* The specific rights (bits 0 to 15). These depend on the type of the object
1418	* being secured by the ACE.
1419	*/
1420	enum {
1421	/* Specific rights for files and directories are as follows: */
1422
1423	/* Right to read data from the file. (FILE) */
1424	FILE_READ_DATA = cpu_to_le32(0x00000001),
1425	/* Right to list contents of a directory. (DIRECTORY) */
1426	FILE_LIST_DIRECTORY = cpu_to_le32(0x00000001),
1427
1428	/* Right to write data to the file. (FILE) */
1429	FILE_WRITE_DATA = cpu_to_le32(0x00000002),
1430	/* Right to create a file in the directory. (DIRECTORY) */
1431	FILE_ADD_FILE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000002),
1432
1433	/* Right to append data to the file. (FILE) */
1434	FILE_APPEND_DATA = cpu_to_le32(0x00000004),
1435	/* Right to create a subdirectory. (DIRECTORY) */
1436	FILE_ADD_SUBDIRECTORY = cpu_to_le32(0x00000004),
1437
1438	/* Right to read extended attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */
1439	FILE_READ_EA = cpu_to_le32(0x00000008),
1440
1441	/* Right to write extended attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */
1442	FILE_WRITE_EA = cpu_to_le32(0x00000010),
1443
1444	/* Right to execute a file. (FILE) */
1445	FILE_EXECUTE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000020),
1446	/* Right to traverse the directory. (DIRECTORY) */
1447	FILE_TRAVERSE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000020),
1448
1449	/*
1450	* Right to delete a directory and all the files it contains (its
1451	* children), even if the files are read-only. (DIRECTORY)
1452	*/
1453	FILE_DELETE_CHILD = cpu_to_le32(0x00000040),
1454
1455	/* Right to read file attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */
1456	FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES = cpu_to_le32(0x00000080),
1457
1458	/* Right to change file attributes. (FILE/DIRECTORY) */
1459	FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES = cpu_to_le32(0x00000100),
1460
1461	/*
1462	* The standard rights (bits 16 to 23). These are independent of the
1463	* type of object being secured.
1464	*/
1465
1466	/* Right to delete the object. */
1467	DELETE = cpu_to_le32(0x00010000),
1468
1469	/*
1470	* Right to read the information in the object's security descriptor,
1471	* not including the information in the SACL, i.e. right to read the
1472	* security descriptor and owner.
1473	*/
1474	READ_CONTROL = cpu_to_le32(0x00020000),
1475
1476	/* Right to modify the DACL in the object's security descriptor. */
1477	WRITE_DAC = cpu_to_le32(0x00040000),
1478
1479	/* Right to change the owner in the object's security descriptor. */
1480	WRITE_OWNER = cpu_to_le32(0x00080000),
1481
1482	/*
1483	* Right to use the object for synchronization. Enables a process to
1484	* wait until the object is in the signalled state. Some object types
1485	* do not support this access right.
1486	*/
1487	SYNCHRONIZE = cpu_to_le32(0x00100000),
1488
1489	/*
1490	* The following STANDARD_RIGHTS_* are combinations of the above for
1491	* convenience and are defined by the Win32 API.
1492	*/
1493
1494	/* These are currently defined to READ_CONTROL. */
1495	STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ = cpu_to_le32(0x00020000),
1496	STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE = cpu_to_le32(0x00020000),
1497	STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE = cpu_to_le32(0x00020000),
1498
1499	/* Combines DELETE, READ_CONTROL, WRITE_DAC, and WRITE_OWNER access. */
1500	STANDARD_RIGHTS_REQUIRED = cpu_to_le32(0x000f0000),
1501
1502	/*
1503	* Combines DELETE, READ_CONTROL, WRITE_DAC, WRITE_OWNER, and
1504	* SYNCHRONIZE access.
1505	*/
1506	STANDARD_RIGHTS_ALL = cpu_to_le32(0x001f0000),
1507
1508	/*
1509	* The access system ACL and maximum allowed access types (bits 24 to
1510	* 25, bits 26 to 27 are reserved).
1511	*/
1512	ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY = cpu_to_le32(0x01000000),
1513	MAXIMUM_ALLOWED = cpu_to_le32(0x02000000),
1514
1515	/*
1516	* The generic rights (bits 28 to 31). These map onto the standard and
1517	* specific rights.
1518	*/
1519
1520	/* Read, write, and execute access. */
1521	GENERIC_ALL = cpu_to_le32(0x10000000),
1522
1523	/* Execute access. */
1524	GENERIC_EXECUTE = cpu_to_le32(0x20000000),
1525
1526	/*
1527	* Write access. For files, this maps onto:
1528	* FILE_APPEND_DATA | FILE_WRITE_ATTRIBUTES | FILE_WRITE_DATA |
1529	* FILE_WRITE_EA | STANDARD_RIGHTS_WRITE | SYNCHRONIZE
1530	* For directories, the mapping has the same numerical value. See
1531	* above for the descriptions of the rights granted.
1532	*/
1533	GENERIC_WRITE = cpu_to_le32(0x40000000),
1534
1535	/*
1536	* Read access. For files, this maps onto:
1537	* FILE_READ_ATTRIBUTES | FILE_READ_DATA | FILE_READ_EA |
1538	* STANDARD_RIGHTS_READ | SYNCHRONIZE
1539	* For directories, the mapping has the same numberical value. See
1540	* above for the descriptions of the rights granted.
1541	*/
1542	GENERIC_READ = cpu_to_le32(0x80000000),
1543	};
1544
1545	typedef le32 ACCESS_MASK;
1546
1547	/*
1548	* The generic mapping array. Used to denote the mapping of each generic
1549	* access right to a specific access mask.
1550	*
1551	* FIXME: What exactly is this and what is it for? (AIA)
1552	*/
1553	typedef struct {
1554	ACCESS_MASK generic_read;
1555	ACCESS_MASK generic_write;
1556	ACCESS_MASK generic_execute;
1557	ACCESS_MASK generic_all;
1558	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) GENERIC_MAPPING;
1559
1560	/*
1561	* The predefined ACE type structures are as defined below.
1562	*/
1563
1564	/*
1565	* ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE, ACCESS_DENIED_ACE, SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE, SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE
1566	*/
1567	typedef struct {
1568	/* 0 ACE_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */
1569	ACE_TYPES type; /* Type of the ACE. */
1570	ACE_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the ACE. */
1571	le16 size; /* Size in bytes of the ACE. */
1572	/* 4*/ ACCESS_MASK mask; /* Access mask associated with the ACE. */
1573
1574	/* 8*/ SID sid; /* The SID associated with the ACE. */
1575	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE, ACCESS_DENIED_ACE,
1576	SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE, SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE;
1577
1578	/*
1579	* The object ACE flags (32-bit).
1580	*/
1581	enum {
1582	ACE_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT = cpu_to_le32(1),
1583	ACE_INHERITED_OBJECT_TYPE_PRESENT = cpu_to_le32(2),
1584	};
1585
1586	typedef le32 OBJECT_ACE_FLAGS;
1587
1588	typedef struct {
1589	/* 0 ACE_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */
1590	ACE_TYPES type; /* Type of the ACE. */
1591	ACE_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the ACE. */
1592	le16 size; /* Size in bytes of the ACE. */
1593	/* 4*/ ACCESS_MASK mask; /* Access mask associated with the ACE. */
1594
1595	/* 8*/ OBJECT_ACE_FLAGS object_flags; /* Flags describing the object ACE. */
1596	/* 12*/ GUID object_type;
1597	/* 28*/ GUID inherited_object_type;
1598
1599	/* 44*/ SID sid; /* The SID associated with the ACE. */
1600	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ACCESS_ALLOWED_OBJECT_ACE,
1601	ACCESS_DENIED_OBJECT_ACE,
1602	SYSTEM_AUDIT_OBJECT_ACE,
1603	SYSTEM_ALARM_OBJECT_ACE;
1604
1605	/*
1606	* An ACL is an access-control list (ACL).
1607	* An ACL starts with an ACL header structure, which specifies the size of
1608	* the ACL and the number of ACEs it contains. The ACL header is followed by
1609	* zero or more access control entries (ACEs). The ACL as well as each ACE
1610	* are aligned on 4-byte boundaries.
1611	*/
1612	typedef struct {
1613	u8 revision; /* Revision of this ACL. */
1614	u8 alignment1;
1615	le16 size; /* Allocated space in bytes for ACL. Includes this
1616	header, the ACEs and the remaining free space. */
1617	le16 ace_count; /* Number of ACEs in the ACL. */
1618	le16 alignment2;
1619	/* sizeof() = 8 bytes */
1620	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) ACL;
1621
1622	/*
1623	* Current constants for ACLs.
1624	*/
1625	typedef enum {
1626	/* Current revision. */
1627	ACL_REVISION = 2,
1628	ACL_REVISION_DS = 4,
1629
1630	/* History of revisions. */
1631	ACL_REVISION1 = 1,
1632	MIN_ACL_REVISION = 2,
1633	ACL_REVISION2 = 2,
1634	ACL_REVISION3 = 3,
1635	ACL_REVISION4 = 4,
1636	MAX_ACL_REVISION = 4,
1637	} ACL_CONSTANTS;
1638
1639	/*
1640	* The security descriptor control flags (16-bit).
1641	*
1642	* SE_OWNER_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the SID
1643	* pointed to by the Owner field was provided by a defaulting mechanism
1644	* rather than explicitly provided by the original provider of the
1645	* security descriptor. This may affect the treatment of the SID with
1646	* respect to inheritance of an owner.
1647	*
1648	* SE_GROUP_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the SID in
1649	* the Group field was provided by a defaulting mechanism rather than
1650	* explicitly provided by the original provider of the security
1651	* descriptor. This may affect the treatment of the SID with respect to
1652	* inheritance of a primary group.
1653	*
1654	* SE_DACL_PRESENT - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the security
1655	* descriptor contains a discretionary ACL. If this flag is set and the
1656	* Dacl field of the SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR is null, then a null ACL is
1657	* explicitly being specified.
1658	*
1659	* SE_DACL_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the ACL
1660	* pointed to by the Dacl field was provided by a defaulting mechanism
1661	* rather than explicitly provided by the original provider of the
1662	* security descriptor. This may affect the treatment of the ACL with
1663	* respect to inheritance of an ACL. This flag is ignored if the
1664	* DaclPresent flag is not set.
1665	*
1666	* SE_SACL_PRESENT - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the security
1667	* descriptor contains a system ACL pointed to by the Sacl field. If this
1668	* flag is set and the Sacl field of the SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR is null, then
1669	* an empty (but present) ACL is being specified.
1670	*
1671	* SE_SACL_DEFAULTED - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the ACL
1672	* pointed to by the Sacl field was provided by a defaulting mechanism
1673	* rather than explicitly provided by the original provider of the
1674	* security descriptor. This may affect the treatment of the ACL with
1675	* respect to inheritance of an ACL. This flag is ignored if the
1676	* SaclPresent flag is not set.
1677	*
1678	* SE_SELF_RELATIVE - This boolean flag, when set, indicates that the security
1679	* descriptor is in self-relative form. In this form, all fields of the
1680	* security descriptor are contiguous in memory and all pointer fields are
1681	* expressed as offsets from the beginning of the security descriptor.
1682	*/
1683	enum {
1684	SE_OWNER_DEFAULTED = cpu_to_le16(0x0001),
1685	SE_GROUP_DEFAULTED = cpu_to_le16(0x0002),
1686	SE_DACL_PRESENT = cpu_to_le16(0x0004),
1687	SE_DACL_DEFAULTED = cpu_to_le16(0x0008),
1688
1689	SE_SACL_PRESENT = cpu_to_le16(0x0010),
1690	SE_SACL_DEFAULTED = cpu_to_le16(0x0020),
1691
1692	SE_DACL_AUTO_INHERIT_REQ = cpu_to_le16(0x0100),
1693	SE_SACL_AUTO_INHERIT_REQ = cpu_to_le16(0x0200),
1694	SE_DACL_AUTO_INHERITED = cpu_to_le16(0x0400),
1695	SE_SACL_AUTO_INHERITED = cpu_to_le16(0x0800),
1696
1697	SE_DACL_PROTECTED = cpu_to_le16(0x1000),
1698	SE_SACL_PROTECTED = cpu_to_le16(0x2000),
1699	SE_RM_CONTROL_VALID = cpu_to_le16(0x4000),
1700	SE_SELF_RELATIVE = cpu_to_le16(0x8000)
1701	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
1702
1703	typedef le16 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL;
1704
1705	/*
1706	* Self-relative security descriptor. Contains the owner and group SIDs as well
1707	* as the sacl and dacl ACLs inside the security descriptor itself.
1708	*/
1709	typedef struct {
1710	u8 revision; /* Revision level of the security descriptor. */
1711	u8 alignment;
1712	SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL control; /* Flags qualifying the type of
1713	the descriptor as well as the following fields. */
1714	le32 owner; /* Byte offset to a SID representing an object's
1715	owner. If this is NULL, no owner SID is present in
1716	the descriptor. */
1717	le32 group; /* Byte offset to a SID representing an object's
1718	primary group. If this is NULL, no primary group
1719	SID is present in the descriptor. */
1720	le32 sacl; /* Byte offset to a system ACL. Only valid, if
1721	SE_SACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If
1722	SE_SACL_PRESENT is set but sacl is NULL, a NULL ACL
1723	is specified. */
1724	le32 dacl; /* Byte offset to a discretionary ACL. Only valid, if
1725	SE_DACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If
1726	SE_DACL_PRESENT is set but dacl is NULL, a NULL ACL
1727	(unconditionally granting access) is specified. */
1728	/* sizeof() = 0x14 bytes */
1729	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE;
1730
1731	/*
1732	* Absolute security descriptor. Does not contain the owner and group SIDs, nor
1733	* the sacl and dacl ACLs inside the security descriptor. Instead, it contains
1734	* pointers to these structures in memory. Obviously, absolute security
1735	* descriptors are only useful for in memory representations of security
1736	* descriptors. On disk, a self-relative security descriptor is used.
1737	*/
1738	typedef struct {
1739	u8 revision; /* Revision level of the security descriptor. */
1740	u8 alignment;
1741	SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONTROL control; /* Flags qualifying the type of
1742	the descriptor as well as the following fields. */
1743	SID *owner; /* Points to a SID representing an object's owner. If
1744	this is NULL, no owner SID is present in the
1745	descriptor. */
1746	SID *group; /* Points to a SID representing an object's primary
1747	group. If this is NULL, no primary group SID is
1748	present in the descriptor. */
1749	ACL *sacl; /* Points to a system ACL. Only valid, if
1750	SE_SACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If
1751	SE_SACL_PRESENT is set but sacl is NULL, a NULL ACL
1752	is specified. */
1753	ACL *dacl; /* Points to a discretionary ACL. Only valid, if
1754	SE_DACL_PRESENT is set in the control field. If
1755	SE_DACL_PRESENT is set but dacl is NULL, a NULL ACL
1756	(unconditionally granting access) is specified. */
1757	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR;
1758
1759	/*
1760	* Current constants for security descriptors.
1761	*/
1762	typedef enum {
1763	/* Current revision. */
1764	SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_REVISION = 1,
1765	SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_REVISION1 = 1,
1766
1767	/* The sizes of both the absolute and relative security descriptors is
1768	the same as pointers, at least on ia32 architecture are 32-bit. */
1769	SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_MIN_LENGTH = sizeof(SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR),
1770	} SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_CONSTANTS;
1771
1772	/*
1773	* Attribute: Security descriptor (0x50). A standard self-relative security
1774	* descriptor.
1775	*
1776	* NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident.
1777	* NOTE: Not used in NTFS 3.0+, as security descriptors are stored centrally
1778	* in FILE_Secure and the correct descriptor is found using the security_id
1779	* from the standard information attribute.
1780	*/
1781	typedef SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_ATTR;
1782
1783	/*
1784	* On NTFS 3.0+, all security descriptors are stored in FILE_Secure. Only one
1785	* referenced instance of each unique security descriptor is stored.
1786	*
1787	* FILE_Secure contains no unnamed data attribute, i.e. it has zero length. It
1788	* does, however, contain two indexes ($SDH and $SII) as well as a named data
1789	* stream ($SDS).
1790	*
1791	* Every unique security descriptor is assigned a unique security identifier
1792	* (security_id, not to be confused with a SID). The security_id is unique for
1793	* the NTFS volume and is used as an index into the $SII index, which maps
1794	* security_ids to the security descriptor's storage location within the $SDS
1795	* data attribute. The $SII index is sorted by ascending security_id.
1796	*
1797	* A simple hash is computed from each security descriptor. This hash is used
1798	* as an index into the $SDH index, which maps security descriptor hashes to
1799	* the security descriptor's storage location within the $SDS data attribute.
1800	* The $SDH index is sorted by security descriptor hash and is stored in a B+
1801	* tree. When searching $SDH (with the intent of determining whether or not a
1802	* new security descriptor is already present in the $SDS data stream), if a
1803	* matching hash is found, but the security descriptors do not match, the
1804	* search in the $SDH index is continued, searching for a next matching hash.
1805	*
1806	* When a precise match is found, the security_id coresponding to the security
1807	* descriptor in the $SDS attribute is read from the found $SDH index entry and
1808	* is stored in the $STANDARD_INFORMATION attribute of the file/directory to
1809	* which the security descriptor is being applied. The $STANDARD_INFORMATION
1810	* attribute is present in all base mft records (i.e. in all files and
1811	* directories).
1812	*
1813	* If a match is not found, the security descriptor is assigned a new unique
1814	* security_id and is added to the $SDS data attribute. Then, entries
1815	* referencing the this security descriptor in the $SDS data attribute are
1816	* added to the $SDH and $SII indexes.
1817	*
1818	* Note: Entries are never deleted from FILE_Secure, even if nothing
1819	* references an entry any more.
1820	*/
1821
1822	/*
1823	* This header precedes each security descriptor in the $SDS data stream.
1824	* This is also the index entry data part of both the $SII and $SDH indexes.
1825	*/
1826	typedef struct {
1827	le32 hash; /* Hash of the security descriptor. */
1828	le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */
1829	le64 offset; /* Byte offset of this entry in the $SDS stream. */
1830	le32 length; /* Size in bytes of this entry in $SDS stream. */
1831	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_HEADER;
1832
1833	/*
1834	* The $SDS data stream contains the security descriptors, aligned on 16-byte
1835	* boundaries, sorted by security_id in a B+ tree. Security descriptors cannot
1836	* cross 256kib boundaries (this restriction is imposed by the Windows cache
1837	* manager). Each security descriptor is contained in a SDS_ENTRY structure.
1838	* Also, each security descriptor is stored twice in the $SDS stream with a
1839	* fixed offset of 0x40000 bytes (256kib, the Windows cache manager's max size)
1840	* between them; i.e. if a SDS_ENTRY specifies an offset of 0x51d0, then the
1841	* first copy of the security descriptor will be at offset 0x51d0 in the
1842	* $SDS data stream and the second copy will be at offset 0x451d0.
1843	*/
1844	typedef struct {
1845	/*Ofs*/
1846	/* 0 SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like
1847	unnamed structs. */
1848	le32 hash; /* Hash of the security descriptor. */
1849	le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */
1850	le64 offset; /* Byte offset of this entry in the $SDS stream. */
1851	le32 length; /* Size in bytes of this entry in $SDS stream. */
1852	/* 20*/ SECURITY_DESCRIPTOR_RELATIVE sid; /* The self-relative security
1853	descriptor. */
1854	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SDS_ENTRY;
1855
1856	/*
1857	* The index entry key used in the $SII index. The collation type is
1858	* COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG.
1859	*/
1860	typedef struct {
1861	le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */
1862	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SII_INDEX_KEY;
1863
1864	/*
1865	* The index entry key used in the $SDH index. The keys are sorted first by
1866	* hash and then by security_id. The collation rule is
1867	* COLLATION_NTOFS_SECURITY_HASH.
1868	*/
1869	typedef struct {
1870	le32 hash; /* Hash of the security descriptor. */
1871	le32 security_id; /* The security_id assigned to the descriptor. */
1872	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) SDH_INDEX_KEY;
1873
1874	/*
1875	* Attribute: Volume name (0x60).
1876	*
1877	* NOTE: Always resident.
1878	* NOTE: Present only in FILE_Volume.
1879	*/
1880	typedef struct {
1881	ntfschar name[0]; /* The name of the volume in Unicode. */
1882	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) VOLUME_NAME;
1883
1884	/*
1885	* Possible flags for the volume (16-bit).
1886	*/
1887	enum {
1888	VOLUME_IS_DIRTY = cpu_to_le16(0x0001),
1889	VOLUME_RESIZE_LOG_FILE = cpu_to_le16(0x0002),
1890	VOLUME_UPGRADE_ON_MOUNT = cpu_to_le16(0x0004),
1891	VOLUME_MOUNTED_ON_NT4 = cpu_to_le16(0x0008),
1892
1893	VOLUME_DELETE_USN_UNDERWAY = cpu_to_le16(0x0010),
1894	VOLUME_REPAIR_OBJECT_ID = cpu_to_le16(0x0020),
1895
1896	VOLUME_CHKDSK_UNDERWAY = cpu_to_le16(0x4000),
1897	VOLUME_MODIFIED_BY_CHKDSK = cpu_to_le16(0x8000),
1898
1899	VOLUME_FLAGS_MASK = cpu_to_le16(0xc03f),
1900
1901	/* To make our life easier when checking if we must mount read-only. */
1902	VOLUME_MUST_MOUNT_RO_MASK = cpu_to_le16(0xc027),
1903	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
1904
1905	typedef le16 VOLUME_FLAGS;
1906
1907	/*
1908	* Attribute: Volume information (0x70).
1909	*
1910	* NOTE: Always resident.
1911	* NOTE: Present only in FILE_Volume.
1912	* NOTE: Windows 2000 uses NTFS 3.0 while Windows NT4 service pack 6a uses
1913	* NTFS 1.2. I haven't personally seen other values yet.
1914	*/
1915	typedef struct {
1916	le64 reserved; /* Not used (yet?). */
1917	u8 major_ver; /* Major version of the ntfs format. */
1918	u8 minor_ver; /* Minor version of the ntfs format. */
1919	VOLUME_FLAGS flags; /* Bit array of VOLUME_* flags. */
1920	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) VOLUME_INFORMATION;
1921
1922	/*
1923	* Attribute: Data attribute (0x80).
1924	*
1925	* NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident.
1926	*
1927	* Data contents of a file (i.e. the unnamed stream) or of a named stream.
1928	*/
1929	typedef struct {
1930	u8 data[0]; /* The file's data contents. */
1931	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) DATA_ATTR;
1932
1933	/*
1934	* Index header flags (8-bit).
1935	*/
1936	enum {
1937	/*
1938	* When index header is in an index root attribute:
1939	*/
1940	SMALL_INDEX = 0, /* The index is small enough to fit inside the index
1941	root attribute and there is no index allocation
1942	attribute present. */
1943	LARGE_INDEX = 1, /* The index is too large to fit in the index root
1944	attribute and/or an index allocation attribute is
1945	present. */
1946	/*
1947	* When index header is in an index block, i.e. is part of index
1948	* allocation attribute:
1949	*/
1950	LEAF_NODE = 0, /* This is a leaf node, i.e. there are no more nodes
1951	branching off it. */
1952	INDEX_NODE = 1, /* This node indexes other nodes, i.e. it is not a leaf
1953	node. */
1954	NODE_MASK = 1, /* Mask for accessing the *_NODE bits. */
1955	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
1956
1957	typedef u8 INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS;
1958
1959	/*
1960	* This is the header for indexes, describing the INDEX_ENTRY records, which
1961	* follow the INDEX_HEADER. Together the index header and the index entries
1962	* make up a complete index.
1963	*
1964	* IMPORTANT NOTE: The offset, length and size structure members are counted
1965	* relative to the start of the index header structure and not relative to the
1966	* start of the index root or index allocation structures themselves.
1967	*/
1968	typedef struct {
1969	le32 entries_offset; /* Byte offset to first INDEX_ENTRY
1970	aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
1971	le32 index_length; /* Data size of the index in bytes,
1972	i.e. bytes used from allocated
1973	size, aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
1974	le32 allocated_size; /* Byte size of this index (block),
1975	multiple of 8 bytes. */
1976	/* NOTE: For the index root attribute, the above two numbers are always
1977	equal, as the attribute is resident and it is resized as needed. In
1978	the case of the index allocation attribute the attribute is not
1979	resident and hence the allocated_size is a fixed value and must
1980	equal the index_block_size specified by the INDEX_ROOT attribute
1981	corresponding to the INDEX_ALLOCATION attribute this INDEX_BLOCK
1982	belongs to. */
1983	INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS flags; /* Bit field of INDEX_HEADER_FLAGS. */
1984	u8 reserved[3]; /* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */
1985	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_HEADER;
1986
1987	/*
1988	* Attribute: Index root (0x90).
1989	*
1990	* NOTE: Always resident.
1991	*
1992	* This is followed by a sequence of index entries (INDEX_ENTRY structures)
1993	* as described by the index header.
1994	*
1995	* When a directory is small enough to fit inside the index root then this
1996	* is the only attribute describing the directory. When the directory is too
1997	* large to fit in the index root, on the other hand, two additional attributes
1998	* are present: an index allocation attribute, containing sub-nodes of the B+
1999	* directory tree (see below), and a bitmap attribute, describing which virtual
2000	* cluster numbers (vcns) in the index allocation attribute are in use by an
2001	* index block.
2002	*
2003	* NOTE: The root directory (FILE_root) contains an entry for itself. Other
2004	* directories do not contain entries for themselves, though.
2005	*/
2006	typedef struct {
2007	ATTR_TYPE type; /* Type of the indexed attribute. Is
2008	$FILE_NAME for directories, zero
2009	for view indexes. No other values
2010	allowed. */
2011	COLLATION_RULE collation_rule; /* Collation rule used to sort the
2012	index entries. If type is $FILE_NAME,
2013	this must be COLLATION_FILE_NAME. */
2014	le32 index_block_size; /* Size of each index block in bytes (in
2015	the index allocation attribute). */
2016	u8 clusters_per_index_block; /* Cluster size of each index block (in
2017	the index allocation attribute), when
2018	an index block is >= than a cluster,
2019	otherwise this will be the log of
2020	the size (like how the encoding of
2021	the mft record size and the index
2022	record size found in the boot sector
2023	work). Has to be a power of 2. */
2024	u8 reserved[3]; /* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */
2025	INDEX_HEADER index; /* Index header describing the
2026	following index entries. */
2027	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_ROOT;
2028
2029	/*
2030	* Attribute: Index allocation (0xa0).
2031	*
2032	* NOTE: Always non-resident (doesn't make sense to be resident anyway!).
2033	*
2034	* This is an array of index blocks. Each index block starts with an
2035	* INDEX_BLOCK structure containing an index header, followed by a sequence of
2036	* index entries (INDEX_ENTRY structures), as described by the INDEX_HEADER.
2037	*/
2038	typedef struct {
2039	/* 0 NTFS_RECORD; -- Unfolded here as gcc doesn't like unnamed structs. */
2040	NTFS_RECORD_TYPE magic; /* Magic is "INDX". */
2041	le16 usa_ofs; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition. */
2042	le16 usa_count; /* See NTFS_RECORD definition. */
2043
2044	/* 8*/ sle64 lsn; /* $LogFile sequence number of the last
2045	modification of this index block. */
2046	/* 16*/ leVCN index_block_vcn; /* Virtual cluster number of the index block.
2047	If the cluster_size on the volume is <= the
2048	index_block_size of the directory,
2049	index_block_vcn counts in units of clusters,
2050	and in units of sectors otherwise. */
2051	/* 24*/ INDEX_HEADER index; /* Describes the following index entries. */
2052	/* sizeof()= 40 (0x28) bytes */
2053	/*
2054	* When creating the index block, we place the update sequence array at this
2055	* offset, i.e. before we start with the index entries. This also makes sense,
2056	* otherwise we could run into problems with the update sequence array
2057	* containing in itself the last two bytes of a sector which would mean that
2058	* multi sector transfer protection wouldn't work. As you can't protect data
2059	* by overwriting it since you then can't get it back...
2060	* When reading use the data from the ntfs record header.
2061	*/
2062	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_BLOCK;
2063
2064	typedef INDEX_BLOCK INDEX_ALLOCATION;
2065
2066	/*
2067	* The system file FILE_Extend/$Reparse contains an index named $R listing
2068	* all reparse points on the volume. The index entry keys are as defined
2069	* below. Note, that there is no index data associated with the index entries.
2070	*
2071	* The index entries are sorted by the index key file_id. The collation rule is
2072	* COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONGS. FIXME: Verify whether the reparse_tag is not the
2073	* primary key / is not a key at all. (AIA)
2074	*/
2075	typedef struct {
2076	le32 reparse_tag; /* Reparse point type (inc. flags). */
2077	leMFT_REF file_id; /* Mft record of the file containing the
2078	reparse point attribute. */
2079	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) REPARSE_INDEX_KEY;
2080
2081	/*
2082	* Quota flags (32-bit).
2083	*
2084	* The user quota flags. Names explain meaning.
2085	*/
2086	enum {
2087	QUOTA_FLAG_DEFAULT_LIMITS = cpu_to_le32(0x00000001),
2088	QUOTA_FLAG_LIMIT_REACHED = cpu_to_le32(0x00000002),
2089	QUOTA_FLAG_ID_DELETED = cpu_to_le32(0x00000004),
2090
2091	QUOTA_FLAG_USER_MASK = cpu_to_le32(0x00000007),
2092	/* This is a bit mask for the user quota flags. */
2093
2094	/*
2095	* These flags are only present in the quota defaults index entry, i.e.
2096	* in the entry where owner_id = QUOTA_DEFAULTS_ID.
2097	*/
2098	QUOTA_FLAG_TRACKING_ENABLED = cpu_to_le32(0x00000010),
2099	QUOTA_FLAG_ENFORCEMENT_ENABLED = cpu_to_le32(0x00000020),
2100	QUOTA_FLAG_TRACKING_REQUESTED = cpu_to_le32(0x00000040),
2101	QUOTA_FLAG_LOG_THRESHOLD = cpu_to_le32(0x00000080),
2102
2103	QUOTA_FLAG_LOG_LIMIT = cpu_to_le32(0x00000100),
2104	QUOTA_FLAG_OUT_OF_DATE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000200),
2105	QUOTA_FLAG_CORRUPT = cpu_to_le32(0x00000400),
2106	QUOTA_FLAG_PENDING_DELETES = cpu_to_le32(0x00000800),
2107	};
2108
2109	typedef le32 QUOTA_FLAGS;
2110
2111	/*
2112	* The system file FILE_Extend/$Quota contains two indexes $O and $Q. Quotas
2113	* are on a per volume and per user basis.
2114	*
2115	* The $Q index contains one entry for each existing user_id on the volume. The
2116	* index key is the user_id of the user/group owning this quota control entry,
2117	* i.e. the key is the owner_id. The user_id of the owner of a file, i.e. the
2118	* owner_id, is found in the standard information attribute. The collation rule
2119	* for $Q is COLLATION_NTOFS_ULONG.
2120	*
2121	* The $O index contains one entry for each user/group who has been assigned
2122	* a quota on that volume. The index key holds the SID of the user_id the
2123	* entry belongs to, i.e. the owner_id. The collation rule for $O is
2124	* COLLATION_NTOFS_SID.
2125	*
2126	* The $O index entry data is the user_id of the user corresponding to the SID.
2127	* This user_id is used as an index into $Q to find the quota control entry
2128	* associated with the SID.
2129	*
2130	* The $Q index entry data is the quota control entry and is defined below.
2131	*/
2132	typedef struct {
2133	le32 version; /* Currently equals 2. */
2134	QUOTA_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing this quota entry. */
2135	le64 bytes_used; /* How many bytes of the quota are in use. */
2136	sle64 change_time; /* Last time this quota entry was changed. */
2137	sle64 threshold; /* Soft quota (-1 if not limited). */
2138	sle64 limit; /* Hard quota (-1 if not limited). */
2139	sle64 exceeded_time; /* How long the soft quota has been exceeded. */
2140	SID sid; /* The SID of the user/object associated with
2141	this quota entry. Equals zero for the quota
2142	defaults entry (and in fact on a WinXP
2143	volume, it is not present at all). */
2144	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) QUOTA_CONTROL_ENTRY;
2145
2146	/*
2147	* Predefined owner_id values (32-bit).
2148	*/
2149	enum {
2150	QUOTA_INVALID_ID = cpu_to_le32(0x00000000),
2151	QUOTA_DEFAULTS_ID = cpu_to_le32(0x00000001),
2152	QUOTA_FIRST_USER_ID = cpu_to_le32(0x00000100),
2153	};
2154
2155	/*
2156	* Current constants for quota control entries.
2157	*/
2158	typedef enum {
2159	/* Current version. */
2160	QUOTA_VERSION = 2,
2161	} QUOTA_CONTROL_ENTRY_CONSTANTS;
2162
2163	/*
2164	* Index entry flags (16-bit).
2165	*/
2166	enum {
2167	INDEX_ENTRY_NODE = cpu_to_le16(1), /* This entry contains a
2168	sub-node, i.e. a reference to an index block in form of
2169	a virtual cluster number (see below). */
2170	INDEX_ENTRY_END = cpu_to_le16(2), /* This signifies the last
2171	entry in an index block. The index entry does not
2172	represent a file but it can point to a sub-node. */
2173
2174	INDEX_ENTRY_SPACE_FILLER = cpu_to_le16(0xffff), /* gcc: Force
2175	enum bit width to 16-bit. */
2176	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
2177
2178	typedef le16 INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS;
2179
2180	/*
2181	* This the index entry header (see below).
2182	*/
2183	typedef struct {
2184	/* 0*/ union {
2185	struct { /* Only valid when INDEX_ENTRY_END is not set. */
2186	leMFT_REF indexed_file; /* The mft reference of the file
2187	described by this index
2188	entry. Used for directory
2189	indexes. */
2190	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) dir;
2191	struct { /* Used for views/indexes to find the entry's data. */
2192	le16 data_offset; /* Data byte offset from this
2193	INDEX_ENTRY. Follows the
2194	index key. */
2195	le16 data_length; /* Data length in bytes. */
2196	le32 reservedV; /* Reserved (zero). */
2197	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vi;
2198	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) data;
2199	/* 8*/ le16 length; /* Byte size of this index entry, multiple of
2200	8-bytes. */
2201	/* 10*/ le16 key_length; /* Byte size of the key value, which is in the
2202	index entry. It follows field reserved. Not
2203	multiple of 8-bytes. */
2204	/* 12*/ INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS flags; /* Bit field of INDEX_ENTRY_* flags. */
2205	/* 14*/ le16 reserved; /* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */
2206	/* sizeof() = 16 bytes */
2207	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER;
2208
2209	/*
2210	* This is an index entry. A sequence of such entries follows each INDEX_HEADER
2211	* structure. Together they make up a complete index. The index follows either
2212	* an index root attribute or an index allocation attribute.
2213	*
2214	* NOTE: Before NTFS 3.0 only filename attributes were indexed.
2215	*/
2216	typedef struct {
2217	/*Ofs*/
2218	/* 0 INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER; -- Unfolded here as gcc dislikes unnamed structs. */
2219	union {
2220	struct { /* Only valid when INDEX_ENTRY_END is not set. */
2221	leMFT_REF indexed_file; /* The mft reference of the file
2222	described by this index
2223	entry. Used for directory
2224	indexes. */
2225	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) dir;
2226	struct { /* Used for views/indexes to find the entry's data. */
2227	le16 data_offset; /* Data byte offset from this
2228	INDEX_ENTRY. Follows the
2229	index key. */
2230	le16 data_length; /* Data length in bytes. */
2231	le32 reservedV; /* Reserved (zero). */
2232	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) vi;
2233	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) data;
2234	le16 length; /* Byte size of this index entry, multiple of
2235	8-bytes. */
2236	le16 key_length; /* Byte size of the key value, which is in the
2237	index entry. It follows field reserved. Not
2238	multiple of 8-bytes. */
2239	INDEX_ENTRY_FLAGS flags; /* Bit field of INDEX_ENTRY_* flags. */
2240	le16 reserved; /* Reserved/align to 8-byte boundary. */
2241
2242	/* 16*/ union { /* The key of the indexed attribute. NOTE: Only present
2243	if INDEX_ENTRY_END bit in flags is not set. NOTE: On
2244	NTFS versions before 3.0 the only valid key is the
2245	FILE_NAME_ATTR. On NTFS 3.0+ the following
2246	additional index keys are defined: */
2247	FILE_NAME_ATTR file_name;/* $I30 index in directories. */
2248	SII_INDEX_KEY sii; /* $SII index in $Secure. */
2249	SDH_INDEX_KEY sdh; /* $SDH index in $Secure. */
2250	GUID object_id; /* $O index in FILE_Extend/$ObjId: The
2251	object_id of the mft record found in
2252	the data part of the index. */
2253	REPARSE_INDEX_KEY reparse; /* $R index in
2254	FILE_Extend/$Reparse. */
2255	SID sid; /* $O index in FILE_Extend/$Quota:
2256	SID of the owner of the user_id. */
2257	le32 owner_id; /* $Q index in FILE_Extend/$Quota:
2258	user_id of the owner of the quota
2259	control entry in the data part of
2260	the index. */
2261	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) key;
2262	/* The (optional) index data is inserted here when creating. */
2263	// leVCN vcn; /* If INDEX_ENTRY_NODE bit in flags is set, the last
2264	// eight bytes of this index entry contain the virtual
2265	// cluster number of the index block that holds the
2266	// entries immediately preceding the current entry (the
2267	// vcn references the corresponding cluster in the data
2268	// of the non-resident index allocation attribute). If
2269	// the key_length is zero, then the vcn immediately
2270	// follows the INDEX_ENTRY_HEADER. Regardless of
2271	// key_length, the address of the 8-byte boundary
2272	// aligned vcn of INDEX_ENTRY{_HEADER} *ie is given by
2273	// (char*)ie + le16_to_cpu(ie*)->length) - sizeof(VCN),
2274	// where sizeof(VCN) can be hardcoded as 8 if wanted. */
2275	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) INDEX_ENTRY;
2276
2277	/*
2278	* Attribute: Bitmap (0xb0).
2279	*
2280	* Contains an array of bits (aka a bitfield).
2281	*
2282	* When used in conjunction with the index allocation attribute, each bit
2283	* corresponds to one index block within the index allocation attribute. Thus
2284	* the number of bits in the bitmap * index block size / cluster size is the
2285	* number of clusters in the index allocation attribute.
2286	*/
2287	typedef struct {
2288	u8 bitmap[0]; /* Array of bits. */
2289	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) BITMAP_ATTR;
2290
2291	/*
2292	* The reparse point tag defines the type of the reparse point. It also
2293	* includes several flags, which further describe the reparse point.
2294	*
2295	* The reparse point tag is an unsigned 32-bit value divided in three parts:
2296	*
2297	* 1. The least significant 16 bits (i.e. bits 0 to 15) specifiy the type of
2298	* the reparse point.
2299	* 2. The 13 bits after this (i.e. bits 16 to 28) are reserved for future use.
2300	* 3. The most significant three bits are flags describing the reparse point.
2301	* They are defined as follows:
2302	* bit 29: Name surrogate bit. If set, the filename is an alias for
2303	* another object in the system.
2304	* bit 30: High-latency bit. If set, accessing the first byte of data will
2305	* be slow. (E.g. the data is stored on a tape drive.)
2306	* bit 31: Microsoft bit. If set, the tag is owned by Microsoft. User
2307	* defined tags have to use zero here.
2308	*
2309	* These are the predefined reparse point tags:
2310	*/
2311	enum {
2312	IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_ALIAS = cpu_to_le32(0x20000000),
2313	IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_HIGH_LATENCY = cpu_to_le32(0x40000000),
2314	IO_REPARSE_TAG_IS_MICROSOFT = cpu_to_le32(0x80000000),
2315
2316	IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_ZERO = cpu_to_le32(0x00000000),
2317	IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_ONE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000001),
2318	IO_REPARSE_TAG_RESERVED_RANGE = cpu_to_le32(0x00000001),
2319
2320	IO_REPARSE_TAG_NSS = cpu_to_le32(0x68000005),
2321	IO_REPARSE_TAG_NSS_RECOVER = cpu_to_le32(0x68000006),
2322	IO_REPARSE_TAG_SIS = cpu_to_le32(0x68000007),
2323	IO_REPARSE_TAG_DFS = cpu_to_le32(0x68000008),
2324
2325	IO_REPARSE_TAG_MOUNT_POINT = cpu_to_le32(0x88000003),
2326
2327	IO_REPARSE_TAG_HSM = cpu_to_le32(0xa8000004),
2328
2329	IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMBOLIC_LINK = cpu_to_le32(0xe8000000),
2330
2331	IO_REPARSE_TAG_VALID_VALUES = cpu_to_le32(0xe000ffff),
2332	};
2333
2334	/*
2335	* Attribute: Reparse point (0xc0).
2336	*
2337	* NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident.
2338	*/
2339	typedef struct {
2340	le32 reparse_tag; /* Reparse point type (inc. flags). */
2341	le16 reparse_data_length; /* Byte size of reparse data. */
2342	le16 reserved; /* Align to 8-byte boundary. */
2343	u8 reparse_data[0]; /* Meaning depends on reparse_tag. */
2344	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) REPARSE_POINT;
2345
2346	/*
2347	* Attribute: Extended attribute (EA) information (0xd0).
2348	*
2349	* NOTE: Always resident. (Is this true???)
2350	*/
2351	typedef struct {
2352	le16 ea_length; /* Byte size of the packed extended
2353	attributes. */
2354	le16 need_ea_count; /* The number of extended attributes which have
2355	the NEED_EA bit set. */
2356	le32 ea_query_length; /* Byte size of the buffer required to query
2357	the extended attributes when calling
2358	ZwQueryEaFile() in Windows NT/2k. I.e. the
2359	byte size of the unpacked extended
2360	attributes. */
2361	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) EA_INFORMATION;
2362
2363	/*
2364	* Extended attribute flags (8-bit).
2365	*/
2366	enum {
2367	NEED_EA = 0x80 /* If set the file to which the EA belongs
2368	cannot be interpreted without understanding
2369	the associates extended attributes. */
2370	} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
2371
2372	typedef u8 EA_FLAGS;
2373
2374	/*
2375	* Attribute: Extended attribute (EA) (0xe0).
2376	*
2377	* NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident.
2378	*
2379	* Like the attribute list and the index buffer list, the EA attribute value is
2380	* a sequence of EA_ATTR variable length records.
2381	*/
2382	typedef struct {
2383	le32 next_entry_offset; /* Offset to the next EA_ATTR. */
2384	EA_FLAGS flags; /* Flags describing the EA. */
2385	u8 ea_name_length; /* Length of the name of the EA in bytes
2386	excluding the '\0' byte terminator. */
2387	le16 ea_value_length; /* Byte size of the EA's value. */
2388	u8 ea_name[0]; /* Name of the EA. Note this is ASCII, not
2389	Unicode and it is zero terminated. */
2390	u8 ea_value[0]; /* The value of the EA. Immediately follows
2391	the name. */
2392	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) EA_ATTR;
2393
2394	/*
2395	* Attribute: Property set (0xf0).
2396	*
2397	* Intended to support Native Structure Storage (NSS) - a feature removed from
2398	* NTFS 3.0 during beta testing.
2399	*/
2400	typedef struct {
2401	/* Irrelevant as feature unused. */
2402	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) PROPERTY_SET;
2403
2404	/*
2405	* Attribute: Logged utility stream (0x100).
2406	*
2407	* NOTE: Can be resident or non-resident.
2408	*
2409	* Operations on this attribute are logged to the journal ($LogFile) like
2410	* normal metadata changes.
2411	*
2412	* Used by the Encrypting File System (EFS). All encrypted files have this
2413	* attribute with the name $EFS.
2414	*/
2415	typedef struct {
2416	/* Can be anything the creator chooses. */
2417	/* EFS uses it as follows: */
2418	// FIXME: Type this info, verifying it along the way. (AIA)
2419	} __attribute__ ((__packed__)) LOGGED_UTILITY_STREAM, EFS_ATTR;
2420
2421	#endif /* _LINUX_NTFS_LAYOUT_H */
2422