1//===-- CommandObjectMemory.cpp -------------------------------------------===//
2//
3// Part of the LLVM Project, under the Apache License v2.0 with LLVM Exceptions.
4// See https://llvm.org/LICENSE.txt for license information.
5// SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 WITH LLVM-exception
6//
7//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
8
9#include "CommandObjectMemory.h"
10#include "CommandObjectMemoryTag.h"
11#include "lldb/Core/DumpDataExtractor.h"
12#include "lldb/Core/Section.h"
13#include "lldb/Core/ValueObjectMemory.h"
14#include "lldb/Expression/ExpressionVariable.h"
15#include "lldb/Host/OptionParser.h"
16#include "lldb/Interpreter/CommandOptionArgumentTable.h"
17#include "lldb/Interpreter/CommandReturnObject.h"
18#include "lldb/Interpreter/OptionArgParser.h"
19#include "lldb/Interpreter/OptionGroupFormat.h"
20#include "lldb/Interpreter/OptionGroupMemoryTag.h"
21#include "lldb/Interpreter/OptionGroupOutputFile.h"
22#include "lldb/Interpreter/OptionGroupValueObjectDisplay.h"
23#include "lldb/Interpreter/OptionValueLanguage.h"
24#include "lldb/Interpreter/OptionValueString.h"
25#include "lldb/Interpreter/Options.h"
26#include "lldb/Symbol/SymbolFile.h"
27#include "lldb/Symbol/TypeList.h"
28#include "lldb/Target/ABI.h"
29#include "lldb/Target/Language.h"
30#include "lldb/Target/MemoryHistory.h"
31#include "lldb/Target/MemoryRegionInfo.h"
32#include "lldb/Target/Process.h"
33#include "lldb/Target/StackFrame.h"
34#include "lldb/Target/Target.h"
35#include "lldb/Target/Thread.h"
36#include "lldb/Utility/Args.h"
37#include "lldb/Utility/DataBufferHeap.h"
38#include "lldb/Utility/StreamString.h"
39#include "llvm/Support/MathExtras.h"
40#include <cinttypes>
41#include <memory>
42#include <optional>
43
44using namespace lldb;
45using namespace lldb_private;
46
47#define LLDB_OPTIONS_memory_read
48#include "CommandOptions.inc"
49
50class OptionGroupReadMemory : public OptionGroup {
51public:
52 OptionGroupReadMemory()
53 : m_num_per_line(1, 1), m_offset(0, 0),
54 m_language_for_type(eLanguageTypeUnknown) {}
55
56 ~OptionGroupReadMemory() override = default;
57
58 llvm::ArrayRef<OptionDefinition> GetDefinitions() override {
59 return llvm::ArrayRef(g_memory_read_options);
60 }
61
62 Status SetOptionValue(uint32_t option_idx, llvm::StringRef option_value,
63 ExecutionContext *execution_context) override {
64 Status error;
65 const int short_option = g_memory_read_options[option_idx].short_option;
66
67 switch (short_option) {
68 case 'l':
69 error = m_num_per_line.SetValueFromString(value: option_value);
70 if (m_num_per_line.GetCurrentValue() == 0)
71 error.SetErrorStringWithFormat(
72 "invalid value for --num-per-line option '%s'",
73 option_value.str().c_str());
74 break;
75
76 case 'b':
77 m_output_as_binary = true;
78 break;
79
80 case 't':
81 error = m_view_as_type.SetValueFromString(value: option_value);
82 break;
83
84 case 'r':
85 m_force = true;
86 break;
87
88 case 'x':
89 error = m_language_for_type.SetValueFromString(value: option_value);
90 break;
91
92 case 'E':
93 error = m_offset.SetValueFromString(value: option_value);
94 break;
95
96 default:
97 llvm_unreachable("Unimplemented option");
98 }
99 return error;
100 }
101
102 void OptionParsingStarting(ExecutionContext *execution_context) override {
103 m_num_per_line.Clear();
104 m_output_as_binary = false;
105 m_view_as_type.Clear();
106 m_force = false;
107 m_offset.Clear();
108 m_language_for_type.Clear();
109 }
110
111 Status FinalizeSettings(Target *target, OptionGroupFormat &format_options) {
112 Status error;
113 OptionValueUInt64 &byte_size_value = format_options.GetByteSizeValue();
114 OptionValueUInt64 &count_value = format_options.GetCountValue();
115 const bool byte_size_option_set = byte_size_value.OptionWasSet();
116 const bool num_per_line_option_set = m_num_per_line.OptionWasSet();
117 const bool count_option_set = format_options.GetCountValue().OptionWasSet();
118
119 switch (format_options.GetFormat()) {
120 default:
121 break;
122
123 case eFormatBoolean:
124 if (!byte_size_option_set)
125 byte_size_value = 1;
126 if (!num_per_line_option_set)
127 m_num_per_line = 1;
128 if (!count_option_set)
129 format_options.GetCountValue() = 8;
130 break;
131
132 case eFormatCString:
133 break;
134
135 case eFormatInstruction:
136 if (count_option_set)
137 byte_size_value = target->GetArchitecture().GetMaximumOpcodeByteSize();
138 m_num_per_line = 1;
139 break;
140
141 case eFormatAddressInfo:
142 if (!byte_size_option_set)
143 byte_size_value = target->GetArchitecture().GetAddressByteSize();
144 m_num_per_line = 1;
145 if (!count_option_set)
146 format_options.GetCountValue() = 8;
147 break;
148
149 case eFormatPointer:
150 byte_size_value = target->GetArchitecture().GetAddressByteSize();
151 if (!num_per_line_option_set)
152 m_num_per_line = 4;
153 if (!count_option_set)
154 format_options.GetCountValue() = 8;
155 break;
156
157 case eFormatBinary:
158 case eFormatFloat:
159 case eFormatOctal:
160 case eFormatDecimal:
161 case eFormatEnum:
162 case eFormatUnicode8:
163 case eFormatUnicode16:
164 case eFormatUnicode32:
165 case eFormatUnsigned:
166 case eFormatHexFloat:
167 if (!byte_size_option_set)
168 byte_size_value = 4;
169 if (!num_per_line_option_set)
170 m_num_per_line = 1;
171 if (!count_option_set)
172 format_options.GetCountValue() = 8;
173 break;
174
175 case eFormatBytes:
176 case eFormatBytesWithASCII:
177 if (byte_size_option_set) {
178 if (byte_size_value > 1)
179 error.SetErrorStringWithFormat(
180 "display format (bytes/bytes with ASCII) conflicts with the "
181 "specified byte size %" PRIu64 "\n"
182 "\tconsider using a different display format or don't specify "
183 "the byte size.",
184 byte_size_value.GetCurrentValue());
185 } else
186 byte_size_value = 1;
187 if (!num_per_line_option_set)
188 m_num_per_line = 16;
189 if (!count_option_set)
190 format_options.GetCountValue() = 32;
191 break;
192
193 case eFormatCharArray:
194 case eFormatChar:
195 case eFormatCharPrintable:
196 if (!byte_size_option_set)
197 byte_size_value = 1;
198 if (!num_per_line_option_set)
199 m_num_per_line = 32;
200 if (!count_option_set)
201 format_options.GetCountValue() = 64;
202 break;
203
204 case eFormatComplex:
205 if (!byte_size_option_set)
206 byte_size_value = 8;
207 if (!num_per_line_option_set)
208 m_num_per_line = 1;
209 if (!count_option_set)
210 format_options.GetCountValue() = 8;
211 break;
212
213 case eFormatComplexInteger:
214 if (!byte_size_option_set)
215 byte_size_value = 8;
216 if (!num_per_line_option_set)
217 m_num_per_line = 1;
218 if (!count_option_set)
219 format_options.GetCountValue() = 8;
220 break;
221
222 case eFormatHex:
223 if (!byte_size_option_set)
224 byte_size_value = 4;
225 if (!num_per_line_option_set) {
226 switch (byte_size_value) {
227 case 1:
228 case 2:
229 m_num_per_line = 8;
230 break;
231 case 4:
232 m_num_per_line = 4;
233 break;
234 case 8:
235 m_num_per_line = 2;
236 break;
237 default:
238 m_num_per_line = 1;
239 break;
240 }
241 }
242 if (!count_option_set)
243 count_value = 8;
244 break;
245
246 case eFormatVectorOfChar:
247 case eFormatVectorOfSInt8:
248 case eFormatVectorOfUInt8:
249 case eFormatVectorOfSInt16:
250 case eFormatVectorOfUInt16:
251 case eFormatVectorOfSInt32:
252 case eFormatVectorOfUInt32:
253 case eFormatVectorOfSInt64:
254 case eFormatVectorOfUInt64:
255 case eFormatVectorOfFloat16:
256 case eFormatVectorOfFloat32:
257 case eFormatVectorOfFloat64:
258 case eFormatVectorOfUInt128:
259 if (!byte_size_option_set)
260 byte_size_value = 128;
261 if (!num_per_line_option_set)
262 m_num_per_line = 1;
263 if (!count_option_set)
264 count_value = 4;
265 break;
266 }
267 return error;
268 }
269
270 bool AnyOptionWasSet() const {
271 return m_num_per_line.OptionWasSet() || m_output_as_binary ||
272 m_view_as_type.OptionWasSet() || m_offset.OptionWasSet() ||
273 m_language_for_type.OptionWasSet();
274 }
275
276 OptionValueUInt64 m_num_per_line;
277 bool m_output_as_binary = false;
278 OptionValueString m_view_as_type;
279 bool m_force = false;
280 OptionValueUInt64 m_offset;
281 OptionValueLanguage m_language_for_type;
282};
283
284// Read memory from the inferior process
285class CommandObjectMemoryRead : public CommandObjectParsed {
286public:
287 CommandObjectMemoryRead(CommandInterpreter &interpreter)
288 : CommandObjectParsed(
289 interpreter, "memory read",
290 "Read from the memory of the current target process.", nullptr,
291 eCommandRequiresTarget | eCommandProcessMustBePaused),
292 m_format_options(eFormatBytesWithASCII, 1, 8),
293 m_memory_tag_options(/*note_binary=*/true),
294 m_prev_format_options(eFormatBytesWithASCII, 1, 8) {
295 CommandArgumentEntry arg1;
296 CommandArgumentEntry arg2;
297 CommandArgumentData start_addr_arg;
298 CommandArgumentData end_addr_arg;
299
300 // Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
301 start_addr_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeAddressOrExpression;
302 start_addr_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatPlain;
303
304 // There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the
305 // argument entry.
306 arg1.push_back(x: start_addr_arg);
307
308 // Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
309 end_addr_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeAddressOrExpression;
310 end_addr_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatOptional;
311
312 // There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the
313 // argument entry.
314 arg2.push_back(x: end_addr_arg);
315
316 // Push the data for the first argument into the m_arguments vector.
317 m_arguments.push_back(x: arg1);
318 m_arguments.push_back(x: arg2);
319
320 // Add the "--format" and "--count" options to group 1 and 3
321 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_format_options,
322 src_mask: OptionGroupFormat::OPTION_GROUP_FORMAT |
323 OptionGroupFormat::OPTION_GROUP_COUNT,
324 LLDB_OPT_SET_1 | LLDB_OPT_SET_2 | LLDB_OPT_SET_3);
325 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_format_options,
326 src_mask: OptionGroupFormat::OPTION_GROUP_GDB_FMT,
327 LLDB_OPT_SET_1 | LLDB_OPT_SET_3);
328 // Add the "--size" option to group 1 and 2
329 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_format_options,
330 src_mask: OptionGroupFormat::OPTION_GROUP_SIZE,
331 LLDB_OPT_SET_1 | LLDB_OPT_SET_2);
332 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_memory_options);
333 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_outfile_options, LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL,
334 LLDB_OPT_SET_1 | LLDB_OPT_SET_2 | LLDB_OPT_SET_3);
335 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_varobj_options, LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL, LLDB_OPT_SET_3);
336 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_memory_tag_options, LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL,
337 LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL);
338 m_option_group.Finalize();
339 }
340
341 ~CommandObjectMemoryRead() override = default;
342
343 Options *GetOptions() override { return &m_option_group; }
344
345 std::optional<std::string> GetRepeatCommand(Args &current_command_args,
346 uint32_t index) override {
347 return m_cmd_name;
348 }
349
350protected:
351 void DoExecute(Args &command, CommandReturnObject &result) override {
352 // No need to check "target" for validity as eCommandRequiresTarget ensures
353 // it is valid
354 Target *target = m_exe_ctx.GetTargetPtr();
355
356 const size_t argc = command.GetArgumentCount();
357
358 if ((argc == 0 && m_next_addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) || argc > 2) {
359 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "%s takes a start address expression with "
360 "an optional end address expression.\n",
361 m_cmd_name.c_str());
362 result.AppendWarning(in_string: "Expressions should be quoted if they contain "
363 "spaces or other special characters.");
364 return;
365 }
366
367 CompilerType compiler_type;
368 Status error;
369
370 const char *view_as_type_cstr =
371 m_memory_options.m_view_as_type.GetCurrentValue();
372 if (view_as_type_cstr && view_as_type_cstr[0]) {
373 // We are viewing memory as a type
374
375 uint32_t reference_count = 0;
376 uint32_t pointer_count = 0;
377 size_t idx;
378
379#define ALL_KEYWORDS \
380 KEYWORD("const") \
381 KEYWORD("volatile") \
382 KEYWORD("restrict") \
383 KEYWORD("struct") \
384 KEYWORD("class") \
385 KEYWORD("union")
386
387#define KEYWORD(s) s,
388 static const char *g_keywords[] = {ALL_KEYWORDS};
389#undef KEYWORD
390
391#define KEYWORD(s) (sizeof(s) - 1),
392 static const int g_keyword_lengths[] = {ALL_KEYWORDS};
393#undef KEYWORD
394
395#undef ALL_KEYWORDS
396
397 static size_t g_num_keywords = sizeof(g_keywords) / sizeof(const char *);
398 std::string type_str(view_as_type_cstr);
399
400 // Remove all instances of g_keywords that are followed by spaces
401 for (size_t i = 0; i < g_num_keywords; ++i) {
402 const char *keyword = g_keywords[i];
403 int keyword_len = g_keyword_lengths[i];
404
405 idx = 0;
406 while ((idx = type_str.find(s: keyword, pos: idx)) != std::string::npos) {
407 if (type_str[idx + keyword_len] == ' ' ||
408 type_str[idx + keyword_len] == '\t') {
409 type_str.erase(pos: idx, n: keyword_len + 1);
410 idx = 0;
411 } else {
412 idx += keyword_len;
413 }
414 }
415 }
416 bool done = type_str.empty();
417 //
418 idx = type_str.find_first_not_of(s: " \t");
419 if (idx > 0 && idx != std::string::npos)
420 type_str.erase(pos: 0, n: idx);
421 while (!done) {
422 // Strip trailing spaces
423 if (type_str.empty())
424 done = true;
425 else {
426 switch (type_str[type_str.size() - 1]) {
427 case '*':
428 ++pointer_count;
429 [[fallthrough]];
430 case ' ':
431 case '\t':
432 type_str.erase(pos: type_str.size() - 1);
433 break;
434
435 case '&':
436 if (reference_count == 0) {
437 reference_count = 1;
438 type_str.erase(pos: type_str.size() - 1);
439 } else {
440 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "invalid type string: '%s'\n",
441 view_as_type_cstr);
442 return;
443 }
444 break;
445
446 default:
447 done = true;
448 break;
449 }
450 }
451 }
452
453 ConstString lookup_type_name(type_str.c_str());
454 StackFrame *frame = m_exe_ctx.GetFramePtr();
455 ModuleSP search_first;
456 if (frame)
457 search_first = frame->GetSymbolContext(resolve_scope: eSymbolContextModule).module_sp;
458 TypeQuery query(lookup_type_name.GetStringRef(),
459 TypeQueryOptions::e_find_one);
460 TypeResults results;
461 target->GetImages().FindTypes(search_first: search_first.get(), query, results);
462 TypeSP type_sp = results.GetFirstType();
463
464 if (!type_sp && lookup_type_name.GetCString()) {
465 LanguageType language_for_type =
466 m_memory_options.m_language_for_type.GetCurrentValue();
467 std::set<LanguageType> languages_to_check;
468 if (language_for_type != eLanguageTypeUnknown) {
469 languages_to_check.insert(x: language_for_type);
470 } else {
471 languages_to_check = Language::GetSupportedLanguages();
472 }
473
474 std::set<CompilerType> user_defined_types;
475 for (auto lang : languages_to_check) {
476 if (auto *persistent_vars =
477 target->GetPersistentExpressionStateForLanguage(language: lang)) {
478 if (std::optional<CompilerType> type =
479 persistent_vars->GetCompilerTypeFromPersistentDecl(
480 type_name: lookup_type_name)) {
481 user_defined_types.emplace(args&: *type);
482 }
483 }
484 }
485
486 if (user_defined_types.size() > 1) {
487 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
488 format: "Mutiple types found matching raw type '%s', please disambiguate "
489 "by specifying the language with -x",
490 lookup_type_name.GetCString());
491 return;
492 }
493
494 if (user_defined_types.size() == 1) {
495 compiler_type = *user_defined_types.begin();
496 }
497 }
498
499 if (!compiler_type.IsValid()) {
500 if (type_sp) {
501 compiler_type = type_sp->GetFullCompilerType();
502 } else {
503 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "unable to find any types that match "
504 "the raw type '%s' for full type '%s'\n",
505 lookup_type_name.GetCString(),
506 view_as_type_cstr);
507 return;
508 }
509 }
510
511 while (pointer_count > 0) {
512 CompilerType pointer_type = compiler_type.GetPointerType();
513 if (pointer_type.IsValid())
514 compiler_type = pointer_type;
515 else {
516 result.AppendError(in_string: "unable make a pointer type\n");
517 return;
518 }
519 --pointer_count;
520 }
521
522 std::optional<uint64_t> size = compiler_type.GetByteSize(exe_scope: nullptr);
523 if (!size) {
524 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
525 format: "unable to get the byte size of the type '%s'\n",
526 view_as_type_cstr);
527 return;
528 }
529 m_format_options.GetByteSizeValue() = *size;
530
531 if (!m_format_options.GetCountValue().OptionWasSet())
532 m_format_options.GetCountValue() = 1;
533 } else {
534 error = m_memory_options.FinalizeSettings(target, format_options&: m_format_options);
535 }
536
537 // Look for invalid combinations of settings
538 if (error.Fail()) {
539 result.AppendError(in_string: error.AsCString());
540 return;
541 }
542
543 lldb::addr_t addr;
544 size_t total_byte_size = 0;
545 if (argc == 0) {
546 // Use the last address and byte size and all options as they were if no
547 // options have been set
548 addr = m_next_addr;
549 total_byte_size = m_prev_byte_size;
550 compiler_type = m_prev_compiler_type;
551 if (!m_format_options.AnyOptionWasSet() &&
552 !m_memory_options.AnyOptionWasSet() &&
553 !m_outfile_options.AnyOptionWasSet() &&
554 !m_varobj_options.AnyOptionWasSet() &&
555 !m_memory_tag_options.AnyOptionWasSet()) {
556 m_format_options = m_prev_format_options;
557 m_memory_options = m_prev_memory_options;
558 m_outfile_options = m_prev_outfile_options;
559 m_varobj_options = m_prev_varobj_options;
560 m_memory_tag_options = m_prev_memory_tag_options;
561 }
562 }
563
564 size_t item_count = m_format_options.GetCountValue().GetCurrentValue();
565
566 // TODO For non-8-bit byte addressable architectures this needs to be
567 // revisited to fully support all lldb's range of formatting options.
568 // Furthermore code memory reads (for those architectures) will not be
569 // correctly formatted even w/o formatting options.
570 size_t item_byte_size =
571 target->GetArchitecture().GetDataByteSize() > 1
572 ? target->GetArchitecture().GetDataByteSize()
573 : m_format_options.GetByteSizeValue().GetCurrentValue();
574
575 const size_t num_per_line =
576 m_memory_options.m_num_per_line.GetCurrentValue();
577
578 if (total_byte_size == 0) {
579 total_byte_size = item_count * item_byte_size;
580 if (total_byte_size == 0)
581 total_byte_size = 32;
582 }
583
584 if (argc > 0)
585 addr = OptionArgParser::ToAddress(exe_ctx: &m_exe_ctx, s: command[0].ref(),
586 LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS, error_ptr: &error);
587
588 if (addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
589 result.AppendError(in_string: "invalid start address expression.");
590 result.AppendError(in_string: error.AsCString());
591 return;
592 }
593
594 if (argc == 2) {
595 lldb::addr_t end_addr = OptionArgParser::ToAddress(
596 exe_ctx: &m_exe_ctx, s: command[1].ref(), LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS, error_ptr: nullptr);
597
598 if (end_addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
599 result.AppendError(in_string: "invalid end address expression.");
600 result.AppendError(in_string: error.AsCString());
601 return;
602 } else if (end_addr <= addr) {
603 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
604 format: "end address (0x%" PRIx64
605 ") must be greater than the start address (0x%" PRIx64 ").\n",
606 end_addr, addr);
607 return;
608 } else if (m_format_options.GetCountValue().OptionWasSet()) {
609 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
610 format: "specify either the end address (0x%" PRIx64
611 ") or the count (--count %" PRIu64 "), not both.\n",
612 end_addr, (uint64_t)item_count);
613 return;
614 }
615
616 total_byte_size = end_addr - addr;
617 item_count = total_byte_size / item_byte_size;
618 }
619
620 uint32_t max_unforced_size = target->GetMaximumMemReadSize();
621
622 if (total_byte_size > max_unforced_size && !m_memory_options.m_force) {
623 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
624 format: "Normally, \'memory read\' will not read over %" PRIu32
625 " bytes of data.\n",
626 max_unforced_size);
627 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
628 format: "Please use --force to override this restriction just once.\n");
629 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "or set target.max-memory-read-size if you "
630 "will often need a larger limit.\n");
631 return;
632 }
633
634 WritableDataBufferSP data_sp;
635 size_t bytes_read = 0;
636 if (compiler_type.GetOpaqueQualType()) {
637 // Make sure we don't display our type as ASCII bytes like the default
638 // memory read
639 if (!m_format_options.GetFormatValue().OptionWasSet())
640 m_format_options.GetFormatValue().SetCurrentValue(eFormatDefault);
641
642 std::optional<uint64_t> size = compiler_type.GetByteSize(exe_scope: nullptr);
643 if (!size) {
644 result.AppendError(in_string: "can't get size of type");
645 return;
646 }
647 bytes_read = *size * m_format_options.GetCountValue().GetCurrentValue();
648
649 if (argc > 0)
650 addr = addr + (*size * m_memory_options.m_offset.GetCurrentValue());
651 } else if (m_format_options.GetFormatValue().GetCurrentValue() !=
652 eFormatCString) {
653 data_sp = std::make_shared<DataBufferHeap>(args&: total_byte_size, args: '\0');
654 if (data_sp->GetBytes() == nullptr) {
655 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
656 format: "can't allocate 0x%" PRIx32
657 " bytes for the memory read buffer, specify a smaller size to read",
658 (uint32_t)total_byte_size);
659 return;
660 }
661
662 Address address(addr, nullptr);
663 bytes_read = target->ReadMemory(addr: address, dst: data_sp->GetBytes(),
664 dst_len: data_sp->GetByteSize(), error, force_live_memory: true);
665 if (bytes_read == 0) {
666 const char *error_cstr = error.AsCString();
667 if (error_cstr && error_cstr[0]) {
668 result.AppendError(in_string: error_cstr);
669 } else {
670 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
671 format: "failed to read memory from 0x%" PRIx64 ".\n", addr);
672 }
673 return;
674 }
675
676 if (bytes_read < total_byte_size)
677 result.AppendWarningWithFormat(
678 format: "Not all bytes (%" PRIu64 "/%" PRIu64
679 ") were able to be read from 0x%" PRIx64 ".\n",
680 (uint64_t)bytes_read, (uint64_t)total_byte_size, addr);
681 } else {
682 // we treat c-strings as a special case because they do not have a fixed
683 // size
684 if (m_format_options.GetByteSizeValue().OptionWasSet() &&
685 !m_format_options.HasGDBFormat())
686 item_byte_size = m_format_options.GetByteSizeValue().GetCurrentValue();
687 else
688 item_byte_size = target->GetMaximumSizeOfStringSummary();
689 if (!m_format_options.GetCountValue().OptionWasSet())
690 item_count = 1;
691 data_sp = std::make_shared<DataBufferHeap>(
692 args: (item_byte_size + 1) * item_count,
693 args: '\0'); // account for NULLs as necessary
694 if (data_sp->GetBytes() == nullptr) {
695 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
696 format: "can't allocate 0x%" PRIx64
697 " bytes for the memory read buffer, specify a smaller size to read",
698 (uint64_t)((item_byte_size + 1) * item_count));
699 return;
700 }
701 uint8_t *data_ptr = data_sp->GetBytes();
702 auto data_addr = addr;
703 auto count = item_count;
704 item_count = 0;
705 bool break_on_no_NULL = false;
706 while (item_count < count) {
707 std::string buffer;
708 buffer.resize(n: item_byte_size + 1, c: 0);
709 Status error;
710 size_t read = target->ReadCStringFromMemory(addr: data_addr, dst: &buffer[0],
711 dst_max_len: item_byte_size + 1, result_error&: error);
712 if (error.Fail()) {
713 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
714 format: "failed to read memory from 0x%" PRIx64 ".\n", addr);
715 return;
716 }
717
718 if (item_byte_size == read) {
719 result.AppendWarningWithFormat(
720 format: "unable to find a NULL terminated string at 0x%" PRIx64
721 ". Consider increasing the maximum read length.\n",
722 data_addr);
723 --read;
724 break_on_no_NULL = true;
725 } else
726 ++read; // account for final NULL byte
727
728 memcpy(dest: data_ptr, src: &buffer[0], n: read);
729 data_ptr += read;
730 data_addr += read;
731 bytes_read += read;
732 item_count++; // if we break early we know we only read item_count
733 // strings
734
735 if (break_on_no_NULL)
736 break;
737 }
738 data_sp =
739 std::make_shared<DataBufferHeap>(args: data_sp->GetBytes(), args: bytes_read + 1);
740 }
741
742 m_next_addr = addr + bytes_read;
743 m_prev_byte_size = bytes_read;
744 m_prev_format_options = m_format_options;
745 m_prev_memory_options = m_memory_options;
746 m_prev_outfile_options = m_outfile_options;
747 m_prev_varobj_options = m_varobj_options;
748 m_prev_memory_tag_options = m_memory_tag_options;
749 m_prev_compiler_type = compiler_type;
750
751 std::unique_ptr<Stream> output_stream_storage;
752 Stream *output_stream_p = nullptr;
753 const FileSpec &outfile_spec =
754 m_outfile_options.GetFile().GetCurrentValue();
755
756 std::string path = outfile_spec.GetPath();
757 if (outfile_spec) {
758
759 File::OpenOptions open_options =
760 File::eOpenOptionWriteOnly | File::eOpenOptionCanCreate;
761 const bool append = m_outfile_options.GetAppend().GetCurrentValue();
762 open_options |=
763 append ? File::eOpenOptionAppend : File::eOpenOptionTruncate;
764
765 auto outfile = FileSystem::Instance().Open(file_spec: outfile_spec, options: open_options);
766
767 if (outfile) {
768 auto outfile_stream_up =
769 std::make_unique<StreamFile>(args: std::move(outfile.get()));
770 if (m_memory_options.m_output_as_binary) {
771 const size_t bytes_written =
772 outfile_stream_up->Write(src: data_sp->GetBytes(), src_len: bytes_read);
773 if (bytes_written > 0) {
774 result.GetOutputStream().Printf(
775 format: "%zi bytes %s to '%s'\n", bytes_written,
776 append ? "appended" : "written", path.c_str());
777 return;
778 } else {
779 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Failed to write %" PRIu64
780 " bytes to '%s'.\n",
781 (uint64_t)bytes_read, path.c_str());
782 return;
783 }
784 } else {
785 // We are going to write ASCII to the file just point the
786 // output_stream to our outfile_stream...
787 output_stream_storage = std::move(outfile_stream_up);
788 output_stream_p = output_stream_storage.get();
789 }
790 } else {
791 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Failed to open file '%s' for %s:\n",
792 path.c_str(), append ? "append" : "write");
793
794 result.AppendError(in_string: llvm::toString(E: outfile.takeError()));
795 return;
796 }
797 } else {
798 output_stream_p = &result.GetOutputStream();
799 }
800
801 ExecutionContextScope *exe_scope = m_exe_ctx.GetBestExecutionContextScope();
802 if (compiler_type.GetOpaqueQualType()) {
803 for (uint32_t i = 0; i < item_count; ++i) {
804 addr_t item_addr = addr + (i * item_byte_size);
805 Address address(item_addr);
806 StreamString name_strm;
807 name_strm.Printf(format: "0x%" PRIx64, item_addr);
808 ValueObjectSP valobj_sp(ValueObjectMemory::Create(
809 exe_scope, name: name_strm.GetString(), address, ast_type: compiler_type));
810 if (valobj_sp) {
811 Format format = m_format_options.GetFormat();
812 if (format != eFormatDefault)
813 valobj_sp->SetFormat(format);
814
815 DumpValueObjectOptions options(m_varobj_options.GetAsDumpOptions(
816 lang_descr_verbosity: eLanguageRuntimeDescriptionDisplayVerbosityFull, format));
817
818 valobj_sp->Dump(s&: *output_stream_p, options);
819 } else {
820 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
821 format: "failed to create a value object for: (%s) %s\n",
822 view_as_type_cstr, name_strm.GetData());
823 return;
824 }
825 }
826 return;
827 }
828
829 result.SetStatus(eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
830 DataExtractor data(data_sp, target->GetArchitecture().GetByteOrder(),
831 target->GetArchitecture().GetAddressByteSize(),
832 target->GetArchitecture().GetDataByteSize());
833
834 Format format = m_format_options.GetFormat();
835 if (((format == eFormatChar) || (format == eFormatCharPrintable)) &&
836 (item_byte_size != 1)) {
837 // if a count was not passed, or it is 1
838 if (!m_format_options.GetCountValue().OptionWasSet() || item_count == 1) {
839 // this turns requests such as
840 // memory read -fc -s10 -c1 *charPtrPtr
841 // which make no sense (what is a char of size 10?) into a request for
842 // fetching 10 chars of size 1 from the same memory location
843 format = eFormatCharArray;
844 item_count = item_byte_size;
845 item_byte_size = 1;
846 } else {
847 // here we passed a count, and it was not 1 so we have a byte_size and
848 // a count we could well multiply those, but instead let's just fail
849 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
850 format: "reading memory as characters of size %" PRIu64 " is not supported",
851 (uint64_t)item_byte_size);
852 return;
853 }
854 }
855
856 assert(output_stream_p);
857 size_t bytes_dumped = DumpDataExtractor(
858 DE: data, s: output_stream_p, offset: 0, item_format: format, item_byte_size, item_count,
859 num_per_line: num_per_line / target->GetArchitecture().GetDataByteSize(), base_addr: addr, item_bit_size: 0, item_bit_offset: 0,
860 exe_scope, show_memory_tags: m_memory_tag_options.GetShowTags().GetCurrentValue());
861 m_next_addr = addr + bytes_dumped;
862 output_stream_p->EOL();
863 }
864
865 OptionGroupOptions m_option_group;
866 OptionGroupFormat m_format_options;
867 OptionGroupReadMemory m_memory_options;
868 OptionGroupOutputFile m_outfile_options;
869 OptionGroupValueObjectDisplay m_varobj_options;
870 OptionGroupMemoryTag m_memory_tag_options;
871 lldb::addr_t m_next_addr = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
872 lldb::addr_t m_prev_byte_size = 0;
873 OptionGroupFormat m_prev_format_options;
874 OptionGroupReadMemory m_prev_memory_options;
875 OptionGroupOutputFile m_prev_outfile_options;
876 OptionGroupValueObjectDisplay m_prev_varobj_options;
877 OptionGroupMemoryTag m_prev_memory_tag_options;
878 CompilerType m_prev_compiler_type;
879};
880
881#define LLDB_OPTIONS_memory_find
882#include "CommandOptions.inc"
883
884// Find the specified data in memory
885class CommandObjectMemoryFind : public CommandObjectParsed {
886public:
887 class OptionGroupFindMemory : public OptionGroup {
888 public:
889 OptionGroupFindMemory() : m_count(1), m_offset(0) {}
890
891 ~OptionGroupFindMemory() override = default;
892
893 llvm::ArrayRef<OptionDefinition> GetDefinitions() override {
894 return llvm::ArrayRef(g_memory_find_options);
895 }
896
897 Status SetOptionValue(uint32_t option_idx, llvm::StringRef option_value,
898 ExecutionContext *execution_context) override {
899 Status error;
900 const int short_option = g_memory_find_options[option_idx].short_option;
901
902 switch (short_option) {
903 case 'e':
904 m_expr.SetValueFromString(value: option_value);
905 break;
906
907 case 's':
908 m_string.SetValueFromString(value: option_value);
909 break;
910
911 case 'c':
912 if (m_count.SetValueFromString(value: option_value).Fail())
913 error.SetErrorString("unrecognized value for count");
914 break;
915
916 case 'o':
917 if (m_offset.SetValueFromString(value: option_value).Fail())
918 error.SetErrorString("unrecognized value for dump-offset");
919 break;
920
921 default:
922 llvm_unreachable("Unimplemented option");
923 }
924 return error;
925 }
926
927 void OptionParsingStarting(ExecutionContext *execution_context) override {
928 m_expr.Clear();
929 m_string.Clear();
930 m_count.Clear();
931 }
932
933 OptionValueString m_expr;
934 OptionValueString m_string;
935 OptionValueUInt64 m_count;
936 OptionValueUInt64 m_offset;
937 };
938
939 CommandObjectMemoryFind(CommandInterpreter &interpreter)
940 : CommandObjectParsed(
941 interpreter, "memory find",
942 "Find a value in the memory of the current target process.",
943 nullptr, eCommandRequiresProcess | eCommandProcessMustBeLaunched) {
944 CommandArgumentEntry arg1;
945 CommandArgumentEntry arg2;
946 CommandArgumentData addr_arg;
947 CommandArgumentData value_arg;
948
949 // Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
950 addr_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeAddressOrExpression;
951 addr_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatPlain;
952
953 // There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the
954 // argument entry.
955 arg1.push_back(x: addr_arg);
956
957 // Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
958 value_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeAddressOrExpression;
959 value_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatPlain;
960
961 // There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the
962 // argument entry.
963 arg2.push_back(x: value_arg);
964
965 // Push the data for the first argument into the m_arguments vector.
966 m_arguments.push_back(x: arg1);
967 m_arguments.push_back(x: arg2);
968
969 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_memory_options);
970 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_memory_tag_options, LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL,
971 LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL);
972 m_option_group.Finalize();
973 }
974
975 ~CommandObjectMemoryFind() override = default;
976
977 Options *GetOptions() override { return &m_option_group; }
978
979protected:
980 class ProcessMemoryIterator {
981 public:
982 ProcessMemoryIterator(ProcessSP process_sp, lldb::addr_t base)
983 : m_process_sp(process_sp), m_base_addr(base) {
984 lldbassert(process_sp.get() != nullptr);
985 }
986
987 bool IsValid() { return m_is_valid; }
988
989 uint8_t operator[](lldb::addr_t offset) {
990 if (!IsValid())
991 return 0;
992
993 uint8_t retval = 0;
994 Status error;
995 if (0 ==
996 m_process_sp->ReadMemory(vm_addr: m_base_addr + offset, buf: &retval, size: 1, error)) {
997 m_is_valid = false;
998 return 0;
999 }
1000
1001 return retval;
1002 }
1003
1004 private:
1005 ProcessSP m_process_sp;
1006 lldb::addr_t m_base_addr;
1007 bool m_is_valid = true;
1008 };
1009 void DoExecute(Args &command, CommandReturnObject &result) override {
1010 // No need to check "process" for validity as eCommandRequiresProcess
1011 // ensures it is valid
1012 Process *process = m_exe_ctx.GetProcessPtr();
1013
1014 const size_t argc = command.GetArgumentCount();
1015
1016 if (argc != 2) {
1017 result.AppendError(in_string: "two addresses needed for memory find");
1018 return;
1019 }
1020
1021 Status error;
1022 lldb::addr_t low_addr = OptionArgParser::ToAddress(
1023 exe_ctx: &m_exe_ctx, s: command[0].ref(), LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS, error_ptr: &error);
1024 if (low_addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS || error.Fail()) {
1025 result.AppendError(in_string: "invalid low address");
1026 return;
1027 }
1028 lldb::addr_t high_addr = OptionArgParser::ToAddress(
1029 exe_ctx: &m_exe_ctx, s: command[1].ref(), LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS, error_ptr: &error);
1030 if (high_addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS || error.Fail()) {
1031 result.AppendError(in_string: "invalid high address");
1032 return;
1033 }
1034
1035 if (high_addr <= low_addr) {
1036 result.AppendError(
1037 in_string: "starting address must be smaller than ending address");
1038 return;
1039 }
1040
1041 lldb::addr_t found_location = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
1042
1043 DataBufferHeap buffer;
1044
1045 if (m_memory_options.m_string.OptionWasSet()) {
1046 llvm::StringRef str =
1047 m_memory_options.m_string.GetValueAs<llvm::StringRef>().value_or("");
1048 if (str.empty()) {
1049 result.AppendError(in_string: "search string must have non-zero length.");
1050 return;
1051 }
1052 buffer.CopyData(src: str);
1053 } else if (m_memory_options.m_expr.OptionWasSet()) {
1054 StackFrame *frame = m_exe_ctx.GetFramePtr();
1055 ValueObjectSP result_sp;
1056 if ((eExpressionCompleted ==
1057 process->GetTarget().EvaluateExpression(
1058 expression: m_memory_options.m_expr.GetValueAs<llvm::StringRef>().value_or(
1059 ""),
1060 exe_scope: frame, result_valobj_sp&: result_sp)) &&
1061 result_sp) {
1062 uint64_t value = result_sp->GetValueAsUnsigned(fail_value: 0);
1063 std::optional<uint64_t> size =
1064 result_sp->GetCompilerType().GetByteSize(exe_scope: nullptr);
1065 if (!size)
1066 return;
1067 switch (*size) {
1068 case 1: {
1069 uint8_t byte = (uint8_t)value;
1070 buffer.CopyData(src: &byte, src_len: 1);
1071 } break;
1072 case 2: {
1073 uint16_t word = (uint16_t)value;
1074 buffer.CopyData(src: &word, src_len: 2);
1075 } break;
1076 case 4: {
1077 uint32_t lword = (uint32_t)value;
1078 buffer.CopyData(src: &lword, src_len: 4);
1079 } break;
1080 case 8: {
1081 buffer.CopyData(src: &value, src_len: 8);
1082 } break;
1083 case 3:
1084 case 5:
1085 case 6:
1086 case 7:
1087 result.AppendError(in_string: "unknown type. pass a string instead");
1088 return;
1089 default:
1090 result.AppendError(
1091 in_string: "result size larger than 8 bytes. pass a string instead");
1092 return;
1093 }
1094 } else {
1095 result.AppendError(
1096 in_string: "expression evaluation failed. pass a string instead");
1097 return;
1098 }
1099 } else {
1100 result.AppendError(
1101 in_string: "please pass either a block of text, or an expression to evaluate.");
1102 return;
1103 }
1104
1105 size_t count = m_memory_options.m_count.GetCurrentValue();
1106 found_location = low_addr;
1107 bool ever_found = false;
1108 while (count) {
1109 found_location = FastSearch(low: found_location, high: high_addr, buffer: buffer.GetBytes(),
1110 buffer_size: buffer.GetByteSize());
1111 if (found_location == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
1112 if (!ever_found) {
1113 result.AppendMessage(in_string: "data not found within the range.\n");
1114 result.SetStatus(lldb::eReturnStatusSuccessFinishNoResult);
1115 } else
1116 result.AppendMessage(in_string: "no more matches within the range.\n");
1117 break;
1118 }
1119 result.AppendMessageWithFormat(format: "data found at location: 0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
1120 found_location);
1121
1122 DataBufferHeap dumpbuffer(32, 0);
1123 process->ReadMemory(
1124 vm_addr: found_location + m_memory_options.m_offset.GetCurrentValue(),
1125 buf: dumpbuffer.GetBytes(), size: dumpbuffer.GetByteSize(), error);
1126 if (!error.Fail()) {
1127 DataExtractor data(dumpbuffer.GetBytes(), dumpbuffer.GetByteSize(),
1128 process->GetByteOrder(),
1129 process->GetAddressByteSize());
1130 DumpDataExtractor(
1131 DE: data, s: &result.GetOutputStream(), offset: 0, item_format: lldb::eFormatBytesWithASCII, item_byte_size: 1,
1132 item_count: dumpbuffer.GetByteSize(), num_per_line: 16,
1133 base_addr: found_location + m_memory_options.m_offset.GetCurrentValue(), item_bit_size: 0, item_bit_offset: 0,
1134 exe_scope: m_exe_ctx.GetBestExecutionContextScope(),
1135 show_memory_tags: m_memory_tag_options.GetShowTags().GetCurrentValue());
1136 result.GetOutputStream().EOL();
1137 }
1138
1139 --count;
1140 found_location++;
1141 ever_found = true;
1142 }
1143
1144 result.SetStatus(lldb::eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
1145 }
1146
1147 lldb::addr_t FastSearch(lldb::addr_t low, lldb::addr_t high, uint8_t *buffer,
1148 size_t buffer_size) {
1149 const size_t region_size = high - low;
1150
1151 if (region_size < buffer_size)
1152 return LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
1153
1154 std::vector<size_t> bad_char_heuristic(256, buffer_size);
1155 ProcessSP process_sp = m_exe_ctx.GetProcessSP();
1156 ProcessMemoryIterator iterator(process_sp, low);
1157
1158 for (size_t idx = 0; idx < buffer_size - 1; idx++) {
1159 decltype(bad_char_heuristic)::size_type bcu_idx = buffer[idx];
1160 bad_char_heuristic[bcu_idx] = buffer_size - idx - 1;
1161 }
1162 for (size_t s = 0; s <= (region_size - buffer_size);) {
1163 int64_t j = buffer_size - 1;
1164 while (j >= 0 && buffer[j] == iterator[s + j])
1165 j--;
1166 if (j < 0)
1167 return low + s;
1168 else
1169 s += bad_char_heuristic[iterator[s + buffer_size - 1]];
1170 }
1171
1172 return LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
1173 }
1174
1175 OptionGroupOptions m_option_group;
1176 OptionGroupFindMemory m_memory_options;
1177 OptionGroupMemoryTag m_memory_tag_options;
1178};
1179
1180#define LLDB_OPTIONS_memory_write
1181#include "CommandOptions.inc"
1182
1183// Write memory to the inferior process
1184class CommandObjectMemoryWrite : public CommandObjectParsed {
1185public:
1186 class OptionGroupWriteMemory : public OptionGroup {
1187 public:
1188 OptionGroupWriteMemory() = default;
1189
1190 ~OptionGroupWriteMemory() override = default;
1191
1192 llvm::ArrayRef<OptionDefinition> GetDefinitions() override {
1193 return llvm::ArrayRef(g_memory_write_options);
1194 }
1195
1196 Status SetOptionValue(uint32_t option_idx, llvm::StringRef option_value,
1197 ExecutionContext *execution_context) override {
1198 Status error;
1199 const int short_option = g_memory_write_options[option_idx].short_option;
1200
1201 switch (short_option) {
1202 case 'i':
1203 m_infile.SetFile(path: option_value, style: FileSpec::Style::native);
1204 FileSystem::Instance().Resolve(file_spec&: m_infile);
1205 if (!FileSystem::Instance().Exists(file_spec: m_infile)) {
1206 m_infile.Clear();
1207 error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("input file does not exist: '%s'",
1208 option_value.str().c_str());
1209 }
1210 break;
1211
1212 case 'o': {
1213 if (option_value.getAsInteger(Radix: 0, Result&: m_infile_offset)) {
1214 m_infile_offset = 0;
1215 error.SetErrorStringWithFormat("invalid offset string '%s'",
1216 option_value.str().c_str());
1217 }
1218 } break;
1219
1220 default:
1221 llvm_unreachable("Unimplemented option");
1222 }
1223 return error;
1224 }
1225
1226 void OptionParsingStarting(ExecutionContext *execution_context) override {
1227 m_infile.Clear();
1228 m_infile_offset = 0;
1229 }
1230
1231 FileSpec m_infile;
1232 off_t m_infile_offset;
1233 };
1234
1235 CommandObjectMemoryWrite(CommandInterpreter &interpreter)
1236 : CommandObjectParsed(
1237 interpreter, "memory write",
1238 "Write to the memory of the current target process.", nullptr,
1239 eCommandRequiresProcess | eCommandProcessMustBeLaunched),
1240 m_format_options(
1241 eFormatBytes, 1, UINT64_MAX,
1242 {std::make_tuple(
1243 args: eArgTypeFormat,
1244 args: "The format to use for each of the value to be written."),
1245 std::make_tuple(args: eArgTypeByteSize,
1246 args: "The size in bytes to write from input file or "
1247 "each value.")}) {
1248 CommandArgumentEntry arg1;
1249 CommandArgumentEntry arg2;
1250 CommandArgumentData addr_arg;
1251 CommandArgumentData value_arg;
1252
1253 // Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
1254 addr_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeAddress;
1255 addr_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatPlain;
1256
1257 // There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the
1258 // argument entry.
1259 arg1.push_back(x: addr_arg);
1260
1261 // Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
1262 value_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeValue;
1263 value_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatPlus;
1264 value_arg.arg_opt_set_association = LLDB_OPT_SET_1;
1265
1266 // There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the
1267 // argument entry.
1268 arg2.push_back(x: value_arg);
1269
1270 // Push the data for the first argument into the m_arguments vector.
1271 m_arguments.push_back(x: arg1);
1272 m_arguments.push_back(x: arg2);
1273
1274 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_format_options,
1275 src_mask: OptionGroupFormat::OPTION_GROUP_FORMAT,
1276 LLDB_OPT_SET_1);
1277 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_format_options,
1278 src_mask: OptionGroupFormat::OPTION_GROUP_SIZE,
1279 LLDB_OPT_SET_1 | LLDB_OPT_SET_2);
1280 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_memory_options, LLDB_OPT_SET_ALL, LLDB_OPT_SET_2);
1281 m_option_group.Finalize();
1282 }
1283
1284 ~CommandObjectMemoryWrite() override = default;
1285
1286 Options *GetOptions() override { return &m_option_group; }
1287
1288protected:
1289 void DoExecute(Args &command, CommandReturnObject &result) override {
1290 // No need to check "process" for validity as eCommandRequiresProcess
1291 // ensures it is valid
1292 Process *process = m_exe_ctx.GetProcessPtr();
1293
1294 const size_t argc = command.GetArgumentCount();
1295
1296 if (m_memory_options.m_infile) {
1297 if (argc < 1) {
1298 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1299 format: "%s takes a destination address when writing file contents.\n",
1300 m_cmd_name.c_str());
1301 return;
1302 }
1303 if (argc > 1) {
1304 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1305 format: "%s takes only a destination address when writing file contents.\n",
1306 m_cmd_name.c_str());
1307 return;
1308 }
1309 } else if (argc < 2) {
1310 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1311 format: "%s takes a destination address and at least one value.\n",
1312 m_cmd_name.c_str());
1313 return;
1314 }
1315
1316 StreamString buffer(
1317 Stream::eBinary,
1318 process->GetTarget().GetArchitecture().GetAddressByteSize(),
1319 process->GetTarget().GetArchitecture().GetByteOrder());
1320
1321 OptionValueUInt64 &byte_size_value = m_format_options.GetByteSizeValue();
1322 size_t item_byte_size = byte_size_value.GetCurrentValue();
1323
1324 Status error;
1325 lldb::addr_t addr = OptionArgParser::ToAddress(
1326 exe_ctx: &m_exe_ctx, s: command[0].ref(), LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS, error_ptr: &error);
1327
1328 if (addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
1329 result.AppendError(in_string: "invalid address expression\n");
1330 result.AppendError(in_string: error.AsCString());
1331 return;
1332 }
1333
1334 if (m_memory_options.m_infile) {
1335 size_t length = SIZE_MAX;
1336 if (item_byte_size > 1)
1337 length = item_byte_size;
1338 auto data_sp = FileSystem::Instance().CreateDataBuffer(
1339 path: m_memory_options.m_infile.GetPath(), size: length,
1340 offset: m_memory_options.m_infile_offset);
1341 if (data_sp) {
1342 length = data_sp->GetByteSize();
1343 if (length > 0) {
1344 Status error;
1345 size_t bytes_written =
1346 process->WriteMemory(vm_addr: addr, buf: data_sp->GetBytes(), size: length, error);
1347
1348 if (bytes_written == length) {
1349 // All bytes written
1350 result.GetOutputStream().Printf(
1351 format: "%" PRIu64 " bytes were written to 0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
1352 (uint64_t)bytes_written, addr);
1353 result.SetStatus(eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
1354 } else if (bytes_written > 0) {
1355 // Some byte written
1356 result.GetOutputStream().Printf(
1357 format: "%" PRIu64 " bytes of %" PRIu64
1358 " requested were written to 0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
1359 (uint64_t)bytes_written, (uint64_t)length, addr);
1360 result.SetStatus(eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
1361 } else {
1362 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Memory write to 0x%" PRIx64
1363 " failed: %s.\n",
1364 addr, error.AsCString());
1365 }
1366 }
1367 } else {
1368 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Unable to read contents of file.\n");
1369 }
1370 return;
1371 } else if (item_byte_size == 0) {
1372 if (m_format_options.GetFormat() == eFormatPointer)
1373 item_byte_size = buffer.GetAddressByteSize();
1374 else
1375 item_byte_size = 1;
1376 }
1377
1378 command.Shift(); // shift off the address argument
1379 uint64_t uval64;
1380 int64_t sval64;
1381 bool success = false;
1382 for (auto &entry : command) {
1383 switch (m_format_options.GetFormat()) {
1384 case kNumFormats:
1385 case eFormatFloat: // TODO: add support for floats soon
1386 case eFormatCharPrintable:
1387 case eFormatBytesWithASCII:
1388 case eFormatComplex:
1389 case eFormatEnum:
1390 case eFormatUnicode8:
1391 case eFormatUnicode16:
1392 case eFormatUnicode32:
1393 case eFormatVectorOfChar:
1394 case eFormatVectorOfSInt8:
1395 case eFormatVectorOfUInt8:
1396 case eFormatVectorOfSInt16:
1397 case eFormatVectorOfUInt16:
1398 case eFormatVectorOfSInt32:
1399 case eFormatVectorOfUInt32:
1400 case eFormatVectorOfSInt64:
1401 case eFormatVectorOfUInt64:
1402 case eFormatVectorOfFloat16:
1403 case eFormatVectorOfFloat32:
1404 case eFormatVectorOfFloat64:
1405 case eFormatVectorOfUInt128:
1406 case eFormatOSType:
1407 case eFormatComplexInteger:
1408 case eFormatAddressInfo:
1409 case eFormatHexFloat:
1410 case eFormatInstruction:
1411 case eFormatVoid:
1412 result.AppendError(in_string: "unsupported format for writing memory");
1413 return;
1414
1415 case eFormatDefault:
1416 case eFormatBytes:
1417 case eFormatHex:
1418 case eFormatHexUppercase:
1419 case eFormatPointer: {
1420 // Decode hex bytes
1421 // Be careful, getAsInteger with a radix of 16 rejects "0xab" so we
1422 // have to special case that:
1423 bool success = false;
1424 if (entry.ref().starts_with(Prefix: "0x"))
1425 success = !entry.ref().getAsInteger(Radix: 0, Result&: uval64);
1426 if (!success)
1427 success = !entry.ref().getAsInteger(Radix: 16, Result&: uval64);
1428 if (!success) {
1429 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1430 format: "'%s' is not a valid hex string value.\n", entry.c_str());
1431 return;
1432 } else if (!llvm::isUIntN(N: item_byte_size * 8, x: uval64)) {
1433 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Value 0x%" PRIx64
1434 " is too large to fit in a %" PRIu64
1435 " byte unsigned integer value.\n",
1436 uval64, (uint64_t)item_byte_size);
1437 return;
1438 }
1439 buffer.PutMaxHex64(uvalue: uval64, byte_size: item_byte_size);
1440 break;
1441 }
1442 case eFormatBoolean:
1443 uval64 = OptionArgParser::ToBoolean(s: entry.ref(), fail_value: false, success_ptr: &success);
1444 if (!success) {
1445 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1446 format: "'%s' is not a valid boolean string value.\n", entry.c_str());
1447 return;
1448 }
1449 buffer.PutMaxHex64(uvalue: uval64, byte_size: item_byte_size);
1450 break;
1451
1452 case eFormatBinary:
1453 if (entry.ref().getAsInteger(Radix: 2, Result&: uval64)) {
1454 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1455 format: "'%s' is not a valid binary string value.\n", entry.c_str());
1456 return;
1457 } else if (!llvm::isUIntN(N: item_byte_size * 8, x: uval64)) {
1458 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Value 0x%" PRIx64
1459 " is too large to fit in a %" PRIu64
1460 " byte unsigned integer value.\n",
1461 uval64, (uint64_t)item_byte_size);
1462 return;
1463 }
1464 buffer.PutMaxHex64(uvalue: uval64, byte_size: item_byte_size);
1465 break;
1466
1467 case eFormatCharArray:
1468 case eFormatChar:
1469 case eFormatCString: {
1470 if (entry.ref().empty())
1471 break;
1472
1473 size_t len = entry.ref().size();
1474 // Include the NULL for C strings...
1475 if (m_format_options.GetFormat() == eFormatCString)
1476 ++len;
1477 Status error;
1478 if (process->WriteMemory(vm_addr: addr, buf: entry.c_str(), size: len, error) == len) {
1479 addr += len;
1480 } else {
1481 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Memory write to 0x%" PRIx64
1482 " failed: %s.\n",
1483 addr, error.AsCString());
1484 return;
1485 }
1486 break;
1487 }
1488 case eFormatDecimal:
1489 if (entry.ref().getAsInteger(Radix: 0, Result&: sval64)) {
1490 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1491 format: "'%s' is not a valid signed decimal value.\n", entry.c_str());
1492 return;
1493 } else if (!llvm::isIntN(N: item_byte_size * 8, x: sval64)) {
1494 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1495 format: "Value %" PRIi64 " is too large or small to fit in a %" PRIu64
1496 " byte signed integer value.\n",
1497 sval64, (uint64_t)item_byte_size);
1498 return;
1499 }
1500 buffer.PutMaxHex64(uvalue: sval64, byte_size: item_byte_size);
1501 break;
1502
1503 case eFormatUnsigned:
1504
1505 if (entry.ref().getAsInteger(Radix: 0, Result&: uval64)) {
1506 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1507 format: "'%s' is not a valid unsigned decimal string value.\n",
1508 entry.c_str());
1509 return;
1510 } else if (!llvm::isUIntN(N: item_byte_size * 8, x: uval64)) {
1511 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Value %" PRIu64
1512 " is too large to fit in a %" PRIu64
1513 " byte unsigned integer value.\n",
1514 uval64, (uint64_t)item_byte_size);
1515 return;
1516 }
1517 buffer.PutMaxHex64(uvalue: uval64, byte_size: item_byte_size);
1518 break;
1519
1520 case eFormatOctal:
1521 if (entry.ref().getAsInteger(Radix: 8, Result&: uval64)) {
1522 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1523 format: "'%s' is not a valid octal string value.\n", entry.c_str());
1524 return;
1525 } else if (!llvm::isUIntN(N: item_byte_size * 8, x: uval64)) {
1526 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Value %" PRIo64
1527 " is too large to fit in a %" PRIu64
1528 " byte unsigned integer value.\n",
1529 uval64, (uint64_t)item_byte_size);
1530 return;
1531 }
1532 buffer.PutMaxHex64(uvalue: uval64, byte_size: item_byte_size);
1533 break;
1534 }
1535 }
1536
1537 if (!buffer.GetString().empty()) {
1538 Status error;
1539 const char *buffer_data = buffer.GetString().data();
1540 const size_t buffer_size = buffer.GetString().size();
1541 const size_t write_size =
1542 process->WriteMemory(vm_addr: addr, buf: buffer_data, size: buffer_size, error);
1543
1544 if (write_size != buffer_size) {
1545 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "Memory write to 0x%" PRIx64
1546 " failed: %s.\n",
1547 addr, error.AsCString());
1548 return;
1549 }
1550 }
1551 }
1552
1553 OptionGroupOptions m_option_group;
1554 OptionGroupFormat m_format_options;
1555 OptionGroupWriteMemory m_memory_options;
1556};
1557
1558// Get malloc/free history of a memory address.
1559class CommandObjectMemoryHistory : public CommandObjectParsed {
1560public:
1561 CommandObjectMemoryHistory(CommandInterpreter &interpreter)
1562 : CommandObjectParsed(interpreter, "memory history",
1563 "Print recorded stack traces for "
1564 "allocation/deallocation events "
1565 "associated with an address.",
1566 nullptr,
1567 eCommandRequiresTarget | eCommandRequiresProcess |
1568 eCommandProcessMustBePaused |
1569 eCommandProcessMustBeLaunched) {
1570 CommandArgumentEntry arg1;
1571 CommandArgumentData addr_arg;
1572
1573 // Define the first (and only) variant of this arg.
1574 addr_arg.arg_type = eArgTypeAddress;
1575 addr_arg.arg_repetition = eArgRepeatPlain;
1576
1577 // There is only one variant this argument could be; put it into the
1578 // argument entry.
1579 arg1.push_back(x: addr_arg);
1580
1581 // Push the data for the first argument into the m_arguments vector.
1582 m_arguments.push_back(x: arg1);
1583 }
1584
1585 ~CommandObjectMemoryHistory() override = default;
1586
1587 std::optional<std::string> GetRepeatCommand(Args &current_command_args,
1588 uint32_t index) override {
1589 return m_cmd_name;
1590 }
1591
1592protected:
1593 void DoExecute(Args &command, CommandReturnObject &result) override {
1594 const size_t argc = command.GetArgumentCount();
1595
1596 if (argc == 0 || argc > 1) {
1597 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "%s takes an address expression",
1598 m_cmd_name.c_str());
1599 return;
1600 }
1601
1602 Status error;
1603 lldb::addr_t addr = OptionArgParser::ToAddress(
1604 exe_ctx: &m_exe_ctx, s: command[0].ref(), LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS, error_ptr: &error);
1605
1606 if (addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
1607 result.AppendError(in_string: "invalid address expression");
1608 result.AppendError(in_string: error.AsCString());
1609 return;
1610 }
1611
1612 Stream *output_stream = &result.GetOutputStream();
1613
1614 const ProcessSP &process_sp = m_exe_ctx.GetProcessSP();
1615 const MemoryHistorySP &memory_history =
1616 MemoryHistory::FindPlugin(process: process_sp);
1617
1618 if (!memory_history) {
1619 result.AppendError(in_string: "no available memory history provider");
1620 return;
1621 }
1622
1623 HistoryThreads thread_list = memory_history->GetHistoryThreads(address: addr);
1624
1625 const bool stop_format = false;
1626 for (auto thread : thread_list) {
1627 thread->GetStatus(strm&: *output_stream, start_frame: 0, UINT32_MAX, num_frames_with_source: 0, stop_format);
1628 }
1629
1630 result.SetStatus(eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
1631 }
1632};
1633
1634// CommandObjectMemoryRegion
1635#pragma mark CommandObjectMemoryRegion
1636
1637#define LLDB_OPTIONS_memory_region
1638#include "CommandOptions.inc"
1639
1640class CommandObjectMemoryRegion : public CommandObjectParsed {
1641public:
1642 class OptionGroupMemoryRegion : public OptionGroup {
1643 public:
1644 OptionGroupMemoryRegion() : m_all(false, false) {}
1645
1646 ~OptionGroupMemoryRegion() override = default;
1647
1648 llvm::ArrayRef<OptionDefinition> GetDefinitions() override {
1649 return llvm::ArrayRef(g_memory_region_options);
1650 }
1651
1652 Status SetOptionValue(uint32_t option_idx, llvm::StringRef option_value,
1653 ExecutionContext *execution_context) override {
1654 Status status;
1655 const int short_option = g_memory_region_options[option_idx].short_option;
1656
1657 switch (short_option) {
1658 case 'a':
1659 m_all.SetCurrentValue(true);
1660 m_all.SetOptionWasSet();
1661 break;
1662 default:
1663 llvm_unreachable("Unimplemented option");
1664 }
1665
1666 return status;
1667 }
1668
1669 void OptionParsingStarting(ExecutionContext *execution_context) override {
1670 m_all.Clear();
1671 }
1672
1673 OptionValueBoolean m_all;
1674 };
1675
1676 CommandObjectMemoryRegion(CommandInterpreter &interpreter)
1677 : CommandObjectParsed(interpreter, "memory region",
1678 "Get information on the memory region containing "
1679 "an address in the current target process.",
1680 "memory region <address-expression> (or --all)",
1681 eCommandRequiresProcess | eCommandTryTargetAPILock |
1682 eCommandProcessMustBeLaunched) {
1683 // Address in option set 1.
1684 m_arguments.push_back(x: CommandArgumentEntry{CommandArgumentData(
1685 eArgTypeAddressOrExpression, eArgRepeatPlain, LLDB_OPT_SET_1)});
1686 // "--all" will go in option set 2.
1687 m_option_group.Append(group: &m_memory_region_options);
1688 m_option_group.Finalize();
1689 }
1690
1691 ~CommandObjectMemoryRegion() override = default;
1692
1693 Options *GetOptions() override { return &m_option_group; }
1694
1695protected:
1696 void DumpRegion(CommandReturnObject &result, Target &target,
1697 const MemoryRegionInfo &range_info, lldb::addr_t load_addr) {
1698 lldb_private::Address addr;
1699 ConstString section_name;
1700 if (target.ResolveLoadAddress(load_addr, so_addr&: addr)) {
1701 SectionSP section_sp(addr.GetSection());
1702 if (section_sp) {
1703 // Got the top most section, not the deepest section
1704 while (section_sp->GetParent())
1705 section_sp = section_sp->GetParent();
1706 section_name = section_sp->GetName();
1707 }
1708 }
1709
1710 ConstString name = range_info.GetName();
1711 result.AppendMessageWithFormatv(
1712 "[{0:x16}-{1:x16}) {2:r}{3:w}{4:x}{5}{6}{7}{8}",
1713 range_info.GetRange().GetRangeBase(),
1714 range_info.GetRange().GetRangeEnd(), range_info.GetReadable(),
1715 range_info.GetWritable(), range_info.GetExecutable(), name ? " " : "",
1716 name, section_name ? " " : "", section_name);
1717 MemoryRegionInfo::OptionalBool memory_tagged = range_info.GetMemoryTagged();
1718 if (memory_tagged == MemoryRegionInfo::OptionalBool::eYes)
1719 result.AppendMessage(in_string: "memory tagging: enabled");
1720
1721 const std::optional<std::vector<addr_t>> &dirty_page_list =
1722 range_info.GetDirtyPageList();
1723 if (dirty_page_list) {
1724 const size_t page_count = dirty_page_list->size();
1725 result.AppendMessageWithFormat(
1726 format: "Modified memory (dirty) page list provided, %zu entries.\n",
1727 page_count);
1728 if (page_count > 0) {
1729 bool print_comma = false;
1730 result.AppendMessageWithFormat(format: "Dirty pages: ");
1731 for (size_t i = 0; i < page_count; i++) {
1732 if (print_comma)
1733 result.AppendMessageWithFormat(format: ", ");
1734 else
1735 print_comma = true;
1736 result.AppendMessageWithFormat(format: "0x%" PRIx64, (*dirty_page_list)[i]);
1737 }
1738 result.AppendMessageWithFormat(format: ".\n");
1739 }
1740 }
1741 }
1742
1743 void DoExecute(Args &command, CommandReturnObject &result) override {
1744 ProcessSP process_sp = m_exe_ctx.GetProcessSP();
1745 if (!process_sp) {
1746 m_prev_end_addr = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
1747 result.AppendError(in_string: "invalid process");
1748 return;
1749 }
1750
1751 Status error;
1752 lldb::addr_t load_addr = m_prev_end_addr;
1753 m_prev_end_addr = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
1754
1755 const size_t argc = command.GetArgumentCount();
1756 const lldb::ABISP &abi = process_sp->GetABI();
1757
1758 if (argc == 1) {
1759 if (m_memory_region_options.m_all) {
1760 result.AppendError(
1761 in_string: "The \"--all\" option cannot be used when an address "
1762 "argument is given");
1763 return;
1764 }
1765
1766 auto load_addr_str = command[0].ref();
1767 load_addr = OptionArgParser::ToAddress(exe_ctx: &m_exe_ctx, s: load_addr_str,
1768 LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS, error_ptr: &error);
1769 if (error.Fail() || load_addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) {
1770 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "invalid address argument \"%s\": %s\n",
1771 command[0].c_str(), error.AsCString());
1772 return;
1773 }
1774 } else if (argc > 1 ||
1775 // When we're repeating the command, the previous end address is
1776 // used for load_addr. If that was 0xF...F then we must have
1777 // reached the end of memory.
1778 (argc == 0 && !m_memory_region_options.m_all &&
1779 load_addr == LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS) ||
1780 // If the target has non-address bits (tags, limited virtual
1781 // address size, etc.), the end of mappable memory will be lower
1782 // than that. So if we find any non-address bit set, we must be
1783 // at the end of the mappable range.
1784 (abi && (abi->FixAnyAddress(pc: load_addr) != load_addr))) {
1785 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(
1786 format: "'%s' takes one argument or \"--all\" option:\nUsage: %s\n",
1787 m_cmd_name.c_str(), m_cmd_syntax.c_str());
1788 return;
1789 }
1790
1791 // It is important that we track the address used to request the region as
1792 // this will give the correct section name in the case that regions overlap.
1793 // On Windows we get mutliple regions that start at the same place but are
1794 // different sizes and refer to different sections.
1795 std::vector<std::pair<lldb_private::MemoryRegionInfo, lldb::addr_t>>
1796 region_list;
1797 if (m_memory_region_options.m_all) {
1798 // We don't use GetMemoryRegions here because it doesn't include unmapped
1799 // areas like repeating the command would. So instead, emulate doing that.
1800 lldb::addr_t addr = 0;
1801 while (error.Success() && addr != LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS &&
1802 // When there are non-address bits the last range will not extend
1803 // to LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS but to the max virtual address.
1804 // This prevents us looping forever if that is the case.
1805 (!abi || (abi->FixAnyAddress(pc: addr) == addr))) {
1806 lldb_private::MemoryRegionInfo region_info;
1807 error = process_sp->GetMemoryRegionInfo(load_addr: addr, range_info&: region_info);
1808
1809 if (error.Success()) {
1810 region_list.push_back({region_info, addr});
1811 addr = region_info.GetRange().GetRangeEnd();
1812 }
1813 }
1814 } else {
1815 lldb_private::MemoryRegionInfo region_info;
1816 error = process_sp->GetMemoryRegionInfo(load_addr, range_info&: region_info);
1817 if (error.Success())
1818 region_list.push_back({region_info, load_addr});
1819 }
1820
1821 if (error.Success()) {
1822 for (std::pair<MemoryRegionInfo, addr_t> &range : region_list) {
1823 DumpRegion(result, process_sp->GetTarget(), range.first, range.second);
1824 m_prev_end_addr = range.first.GetRange().GetRangeEnd();
1825 }
1826
1827 result.SetStatus(eReturnStatusSuccessFinishResult);
1828 return;
1829 }
1830
1831 result.AppendErrorWithFormat(format: "%s\n", error.AsCString());
1832 }
1833
1834 std::optional<std::string> GetRepeatCommand(Args &current_command_args,
1835 uint32_t index) override {
1836 // If we repeat this command, repeat it without any arguments so we can
1837 // show the next memory range
1838 return m_cmd_name;
1839 }
1840
1841 lldb::addr_t m_prev_end_addr = LLDB_INVALID_ADDRESS;
1842
1843 OptionGroupOptions m_option_group;
1844 OptionGroupMemoryRegion m_memory_region_options;
1845};
1846
1847// CommandObjectMemory
1848
1849CommandObjectMemory::CommandObjectMemory(CommandInterpreter &interpreter)
1850 : CommandObjectMultiword(
1851 interpreter, "memory",
1852 "Commands for operating on memory in the current target process.",
1853 "memory <subcommand> [<subcommand-options>]") {
1854 LoadSubCommand(cmd_name: "find",
1855 command_obj: CommandObjectSP(new CommandObjectMemoryFind(interpreter)));
1856 LoadSubCommand(cmd_name: "read",
1857 command_obj: CommandObjectSP(new CommandObjectMemoryRead(interpreter)));
1858 LoadSubCommand(cmd_name: "write",
1859 command_obj: CommandObjectSP(new CommandObjectMemoryWrite(interpreter)));
1860 LoadSubCommand(cmd_name: "history",
1861 command_obj: CommandObjectSP(new CommandObjectMemoryHistory(interpreter)));
1862 LoadSubCommand(cmd_name: "region",
1863 command_obj: CommandObjectSP(new CommandObjectMemoryRegion(interpreter)));
1864 LoadSubCommand(cmd_name: "tag",
1865 command_obj: CommandObjectSP(new CommandObjectMemoryTag(interpreter)));
1866}
1867
1868CommandObjectMemory::~CommandObjectMemory() = default;
1869

source code of lldb/source/Commands/CommandObjectMemory.cpp