1// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2/*
3 * rotary_encoder.c
4 *
5 * (c) 2009 Daniel Mack <daniel@caiaq.de>
6 * Copyright (C) 2011 Johan Hovold <jhovold@gmail.com>
7 *
8 * state machine code inspired by code from Tim Ruetz
9 *
10 * A generic driver for rotary encoders connected to GPIO lines.
11 * See file:Documentation/input/devices/rotary-encoder.rst for more information
12 */
13
14#include <linux/kernel.h>
15#include <linux/module.h>
16#include <linux/interrupt.h>
17#include <linux/input.h>
18#include <linux/device.h>
19#include <linux/platform_device.h>
20#include <linux/gpio/consumer.h>
21#include <linux/slab.h>
22#include <linux/of.h>
23#include <linux/pm.h>
24#include <linux/property.h>
25
26#define DRV_NAME "rotary-encoder"
27
28enum rotary_encoder_encoding {
29 ROTENC_GRAY,
30 ROTENC_BINARY,
31};
32
33struct rotary_encoder {
34 struct input_dev *input;
35
36 struct mutex access_mutex;
37
38 u32 steps;
39 u32 axis;
40 bool relative_axis;
41 bool rollover;
42 enum rotary_encoder_encoding encoding;
43
44 unsigned int pos;
45
46 struct gpio_descs *gpios;
47
48 unsigned int *irq;
49
50 bool armed;
51 signed char dir; /* 1 - clockwise, -1 - CCW */
52
53 unsigned int last_stable;
54};
55
56static unsigned int rotary_encoder_get_state(struct rotary_encoder *encoder)
57{
58 int i;
59 unsigned int ret = 0;
60
61 for (i = 0; i < encoder->gpios->ndescs; ++i) {
62 int val = gpiod_get_value_cansleep(desc: encoder->gpios->desc[i]);
63
64 /* convert from gray encoding to normal */
65 if (encoder->encoding == ROTENC_GRAY && ret & 1)
66 val = !val;
67
68 ret = ret << 1 | val;
69 }
70
71 return ret & 3;
72}
73
74static void rotary_encoder_report_event(struct rotary_encoder *encoder)
75{
76 if (encoder->relative_axis) {
77 input_report_rel(dev: encoder->input,
78 code: encoder->axis, value: encoder->dir);
79 } else {
80 unsigned int pos = encoder->pos;
81
82 if (encoder->dir < 0) {
83 /* turning counter-clockwise */
84 if (encoder->rollover)
85 pos += encoder->steps;
86 if (pos)
87 pos--;
88 } else {
89 /* turning clockwise */
90 if (encoder->rollover || pos < encoder->steps)
91 pos++;
92 }
93
94 if (encoder->rollover)
95 pos %= encoder->steps;
96
97 encoder->pos = pos;
98 input_report_abs(dev: encoder->input, code: encoder->axis, value: encoder->pos);
99 }
100
101 input_sync(dev: encoder->input);
102}
103
104static irqreturn_t rotary_encoder_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
105{
106 struct rotary_encoder *encoder = dev_id;
107 unsigned int state;
108
109 mutex_lock(&encoder->access_mutex);
110
111 state = rotary_encoder_get_state(encoder);
112
113 switch (state) {
114 case 0x0:
115 if (encoder->armed) {
116 rotary_encoder_report_event(encoder);
117 encoder->armed = false;
118 }
119 break;
120
121 case 0x1:
122 case 0x3:
123 if (encoder->armed)
124 encoder->dir = 2 - state;
125 break;
126
127 case 0x2:
128 encoder->armed = true;
129 break;
130 }
131
132 mutex_unlock(lock: &encoder->access_mutex);
133
134 return IRQ_HANDLED;
135}
136
137static irqreturn_t rotary_encoder_half_period_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
138{
139 struct rotary_encoder *encoder = dev_id;
140 unsigned int state;
141
142 mutex_lock(&encoder->access_mutex);
143
144 state = rotary_encoder_get_state(encoder);
145
146 if (state & 1) {
147 encoder->dir = ((encoder->last_stable - state + 1) % 4) - 1;
148 } else {
149 if (state != encoder->last_stable) {
150 rotary_encoder_report_event(encoder);
151 encoder->last_stable = state;
152 }
153 }
154
155 mutex_unlock(lock: &encoder->access_mutex);
156
157 return IRQ_HANDLED;
158}
159
160static irqreturn_t rotary_encoder_quarter_period_irq(int irq, void *dev_id)
161{
162 struct rotary_encoder *encoder = dev_id;
163 unsigned int state;
164
165 mutex_lock(&encoder->access_mutex);
166
167 state = rotary_encoder_get_state(encoder);
168
169 if ((encoder->last_stable + 1) % 4 == state)
170 encoder->dir = 1;
171 else if (encoder->last_stable == (state + 1) % 4)
172 encoder->dir = -1;
173 else
174 goto out;
175
176 rotary_encoder_report_event(encoder);
177
178out:
179 encoder->last_stable = state;
180 mutex_unlock(lock: &encoder->access_mutex);
181
182 return IRQ_HANDLED;
183}
184
185static int rotary_encoder_probe(struct platform_device *pdev)
186{
187 struct device *dev = &pdev->dev;
188 struct rotary_encoder *encoder;
189 struct input_dev *input;
190 irq_handler_t handler;
191 u32 steps_per_period;
192 unsigned int i;
193 int err;
194
195 encoder = devm_kzalloc(dev, size: sizeof(struct rotary_encoder), GFP_KERNEL);
196 if (!encoder)
197 return -ENOMEM;
198
199 mutex_init(&encoder->access_mutex);
200
201 device_property_read_u32(dev, propname: "rotary-encoder,steps", val: &encoder->steps);
202
203 err = device_property_read_u32(dev, propname: "rotary-encoder,steps-per-period",
204 val: &steps_per_period);
205 if (err) {
206 /*
207 * The 'half-period' property has been deprecated, you must
208 * use 'steps-per-period' and set an appropriate value, but
209 * we still need to parse it to maintain compatibility. If
210 * neither property is present we fall back to the one step
211 * per period behavior.
212 */
213 steps_per_period = device_property_read_bool(dev,
214 propname: "rotary-encoder,half-period") ? 2 : 1;
215 }
216
217 encoder->rollover =
218 device_property_read_bool(dev, propname: "rotary-encoder,rollover");
219
220 if (!device_property_present(dev, propname: "rotary-encoder,encoding") ||
221 !device_property_match_string(dev, propname: "rotary-encoder,encoding",
222 string: "gray")) {
223 dev_info(dev, "gray");
224 encoder->encoding = ROTENC_GRAY;
225 } else if (!device_property_match_string(dev, propname: "rotary-encoder,encoding",
226 string: "binary")) {
227 dev_info(dev, "binary");
228 encoder->encoding = ROTENC_BINARY;
229 } else {
230 dev_err(dev, "unknown encoding setting\n");
231 return -EINVAL;
232 }
233
234 device_property_read_u32(dev, propname: "linux,axis", val: &encoder->axis);
235 encoder->relative_axis =
236 device_property_read_bool(dev, propname: "rotary-encoder,relative-axis");
237
238 encoder->gpios = devm_gpiod_get_array(dev, NULL, flags: GPIOD_IN);
239 if (IS_ERR(ptr: encoder->gpios))
240 return dev_err_probe(dev, err: PTR_ERR(ptr: encoder->gpios), fmt: "unable to get gpios\n");
241 if (encoder->gpios->ndescs < 2) {
242 dev_err(dev, "not enough gpios found\n");
243 return -EINVAL;
244 }
245
246 input = devm_input_allocate_device(dev);
247 if (!input)
248 return -ENOMEM;
249
250 encoder->input = input;
251
252 input->name = pdev->name;
253 input->id.bustype = BUS_HOST;
254
255 if (encoder->relative_axis)
256 input_set_capability(dev: input, EV_REL, code: encoder->axis);
257 else
258 input_set_abs_params(dev: input,
259 axis: encoder->axis, min: 0, max: encoder->steps, fuzz: 0, flat: 1);
260
261 switch (steps_per_period >> (encoder->gpios->ndescs - 2)) {
262 case 4:
263 handler = &rotary_encoder_quarter_period_irq;
264 encoder->last_stable = rotary_encoder_get_state(encoder);
265 break;
266 case 2:
267 handler = &rotary_encoder_half_period_irq;
268 encoder->last_stable = rotary_encoder_get_state(encoder);
269 break;
270 case 1:
271 handler = &rotary_encoder_irq;
272 break;
273 default:
274 dev_err(dev, "'%d' is not a valid steps-per-period value\n",
275 steps_per_period);
276 return -EINVAL;
277 }
278
279 encoder->irq =
280 devm_kcalloc(dev,
281 n: encoder->gpios->ndescs, size: sizeof(*encoder->irq),
282 GFP_KERNEL);
283 if (!encoder->irq)
284 return -ENOMEM;
285
286 for (i = 0; i < encoder->gpios->ndescs; ++i) {
287 encoder->irq[i] = gpiod_to_irq(desc: encoder->gpios->desc[i]);
288
289 err = devm_request_threaded_irq(dev, irq: encoder->irq[i],
290 NULL, thread_fn: handler,
291 IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING | IRQF_TRIGGER_FALLING |
292 IRQF_ONESHOT,
293 DRV_NAME, dev_id: encoder);
294 if (err) {
295 dev_err(dev, "unable to request IRQ %d (gpio#%d)\n",
296 encoder->irq[i], i);
297 return err;
298 }
299 }
300
301 err = input_register_device(input);
302 if (err) {
303 dev_err(dev, "failed to register input device\n");
304 return err;
305 }
306
307 device_init_wakeup(dev,
308 enable: device_property_read_bool(dev, propname: "wakeup-source"));
309
310 platform_set_drvdata(pdev, data: encoder);
311
312 return 0;
313}
314
315static int rotary_encoder_suspend(struct device *dev)
316{
317 struct rotary_encoder *encoder = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
318 unsigned int i;
319
320 if (device_may_wakeup(dev)) {
321 for (i = 0; i < encoder->gpios->ndescs; ++i)
322 enable_irq_wake(irq: encoder->irq[i]);
323 }
324
325 return 0;
326}
327
328static int rotary_encoder_resume(struct device *dev)
329{
330 struct rotary_encoder *encoder = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
331 unsigned int i;
332
333 if (device_may_wakeup(dev)) {
334 for (i = 0; i < encoder->gpios->ndescs; ++i)
335 disable_irq_wake(irq: encoder->irq[i]);
336 }
337
338 return 0;
339}
340
341static DEFINE_SIMPLE_DEV_PM_OPS(rotary_encoder_pm_ops,
342 rotary_encoder_suspend, rotary_encoder_resume);
343
344#ifdef CONFIG_OF
345static const struct of_device_id rotary_encoder_of_match[] = {
346 { .compatible = "rotary-encoder", },
347 { },
348};
349MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, rotary_encoder_of_match);
350#endif
351
352static struct platform_driver rotary_encoder_driver = {
353 .probe = rotary_encoder_probe,
354 .driver = {
355 .name = DRV_NAME,
356 .pm = pm_sleep_ptr(&rotary_encoder_pm_ops),
357 .of_match_table = of_match_ptr(rotary_encoder_of_match),
358 }
359};
360module_platform_driver(rotary_encoder_driver);
361
362MODULE_ALIAS("platform:" DRV_NAME);
363MODULE_DESCRIPTION("GPIO rotary encoder driver");
364MODULE_AUTHOR("Daniel Mack <daniel@caiaq.de>, Johan Hovold");
365MODULE_LICENSE("GPL v2");
366

source code of linux/drivers/input/misc/rotary_encoder.c